中国心理卫生杂志2007年第2l卷第11期769·特殊群体心理卫生·高焦虑个体对威胁性词语的注意偏向及习惯化’刘兴华①②钱铭怡②周晓林②【摘要】目的:探讨随刺激呈现次数的增加,高焦虑个体对威胁性刺激注意偏向的变化。方法:被试为大一新生,依据状态一特质焦虑问卷得分,随机选择了得分最高的25%部分中的24人作为高焦虑组,得分最低的25%部分中的23人作为低焦虑组。实验采用点探测视觉搜索任务,以威胁性词语为刺激材料,刺激呈现8次,分析刺激每次呈现时高低焦虑组被试对威胁性词语的注意偏向。结果:当刺激首次呈现时只有高焦虑组被试的注意偏向值与0相之间差异有显著性(t=2.34,P<0.05)。方差分析显示在刺激呈现的前三次,随着刺激呈现次数的增加,只有高焦虑组被试的注意偏向值发生了显著的变化(F=5.44,P<0.01.注意偏向值分别为:13.1±27.3,2.5±27.0,一10.0-4-27.9),对刺激呈现的后五次高低焦虑组个体的注意偏向值变化均不显著。结论:随着词语刺激呈现次数的增加,高焦虑被试对威胁性词语的注意偏向表现出习惯化倾向。【关键词】焦虑;点探测;注意偏向中图分类号:11749.72文献标识码:文章编号:1000-6729(2007)011-00769一04PatternsofAttentiotmlBiasofHighlyAnldOlllSIndividualsbyRepeatingtheOCCIlsiOlUofWordStimulusLIIJXing.Hual”。QIArIil~ling.YiQia.2lZHOUXiao.Lin21Education&ScienceCollege。CapitalNormalUniversity-Beijing100037IChina2DepartmentofPsychology-PekingUniversity,Beijing100871。China【Abstract】Objective..Thisstudyaimedtoinvestigatethepattemofanxiety-relatedattentionalbiasforthreaten-ingwordsinsubjectswithhi【gh—andlow—traitanxietybyrepeatingtheoccasionsofstimulusexposures.Methods_.HiIghIupper25%)andlow(10wer25%)allxioIIBindividuals(/V=24and/V=23respectively)participatedinaforced—choicereactiontimeVeFsioIIofamodifieddot-probetask.Therewere48negative-neutralwordpairschoflenaBstimuli.Eachwordpairsw啪presentedeightoccasionsindifferentblocl哩.。andateachoccalsiontheattentionalbiastothee-motionaUynegativewordw璐examined.Results:HighiUlXiOUflindividualsshowedinitialselectiveattentiontotheneg-alivewordswhentheywerepresentedforthefirstoccasion(t=2.34-P