光周期对布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠体重和能量代谢的影响VIP免费

©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.http://www.cnki.net第23卷第4期2003年11月兽类学报ActaTheriologicaSinicaVol123,No14Nov.,2003光周期对布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠体重和能量代谢的影响李兴升王德华3杨俊成(中国科学院动物研究所,农业虫鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室,北京,100080)摘要:本文测定了光周期对雄性布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠的体重、基础代谢率和能量代谢的影响。动物从长光照(16L∶8D,LD)转入短光照(8L∶16D,SD)条件下驯化6周(田鼠)和7周(沙鼠)。结果显示:(1)无论在LD还是SD条件下,两种动物的体重都趋于增加,但反应程度不同也具有种间差异性。两种动物的体重对光周期的反应有时段性,约14d前两种动物的体重增加迅速,而后增加缓慢,3周左右趋于稳定。短光照条件下布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠的体重分别增长了37%和11%,均低于长光照组(分别为47%和25%),说明短光照条件下布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠的体重增长较长光照缓慢;(2)光照对两种动物的摄入能、消化能和可代谢能均没有显著影响,摄入能与体重的增长无关;(3)光照对两种动物的基础代谢率无显著影响。这些结果表明:布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠在自然环境中,可能以光周期作为一种信号,当环境温度降低、食物质量变劣时,采取降低体重以减少绝对能量需求的策略而适应环境。关键词:光周期;布氏田鼠;长爪沙鼠;体重;能量代谢;基础代谢率;中图分类号:Q494文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-1050(2003)04-0304-08EffectofPhotoperiodonBodyWeightandEnergyMetabolisminBrandt′sVoles(Microtusbrandti)andMongolianGerbils(Merionesunguiculatus)LIXingshengWANGDehuaYANGJuncheng(StateKeyLaboratoryofIntegratedManagementofPestRodentsandInsects,InstituteofZoology,theChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing,100080,China)Abstract:Bodyweight,basalmetabolicrate(BMR),andenergymetabolismweremeasuredunderlongphotoperiod(16L∶8D,LD)andshortphotoperiod(8L∶16D,SD)foracclimatingBrandt’svoles(Microtusbrandti)andMongoliangerbils(Merionesun2guiculatus).AnimalsweretransferredfromLDtoSDconditionsfor6weeksforvolesand7weeksforgerbils.Bodyweightsweremeasuredat32dayintervalsatfirsttwoweeksandatlast3daysofeachweekthereafter.Energyintake,digestedenergy,andme2tabolizableenergyweredeterminedbyfoodtrials(metaboliccage)with32dayintervals.BMRsweremeasuredbyusingclosedcir2cuitrespirometerwithinthermoneutralityatthebeginningandtheendofacclimation.UnderLDandSDconditions,bothvolesandgerbilstendedtoincreasetheirbodyweights,increasingfasterwithinthefirst2weeksandthenslowingdown,andbecamestableafter3weeks.However,themagnitudeofchangesisdifferentbetweenLDandSDconditions,andalsobetweenvolesandger2bils1UnderSDconditions,bodyweightswereincreasedby37%forvolesand11%forgerbils,andthosewerelowerthanunderLDconditions(47%forvolesand25%forgerbils).ThissuggeststhatthereisasensitivetimetophotoperiodandSDcouldcon2straintheincreaseinbodyweightforbothspecies.Therewerenoeffectofphotoperiodonenergyintake,digestedenergy,andmetabolizableenergyforbothvolesandgerbils.PhotoperiodalsohadnosignificanteffectonBMRsforbothspecies.TheseresultssuggestthatshortphotoperiodcancuebothBrandt′svolesandMongoliangerbilstodecreasetheirbodyweightsandthusdecrease基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170151,39970128);中国科学院创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-SW-103)和领域前沿项目(KSCX3-IOZ-06);中国科学院生物科学与生物技术研究特别支持费资助项目(STZ-01-06)作者简介:李兴升(1975-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事动物生理生态学研究.收稿日期:2002-12-02;修回日期:2003-03-033通讯作者,E-mail:wangdh@panda.ioz.ac.cn©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.http://www.cnki.nettheabsoluteenergyrequirementperanimalfor...