定语从句复习语法-(2)VIP免费

GrammarAttributiveclausesI.由that引导的定语从句1.在定语从句中既可指人也可指物，做主语或谓语动词的宾语，有时可做表语。Thisistheteacherthatwillgiveusthetalk.ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.Heisnolongerthemanthathewasfiveyearsago.2.当先行词是不定代词,或先行词被序数词、形容词或副词的最高级所修饰，以及先行词既指人又指物时。另外先行词被theonly,thevery,any,thesame,no修饰时,通常用that。Allthatwehavetodoistopractiseeveryday.Thatisthebestfilmthathehaseverseen.Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.II.由which引导的定语从句1.在定语从句中做主语、谓语动词或介词的宾语。Thestorewhichwasopenedlastweeksellsflowers.Thatisthenovelwhichhewants.Theroominwhichhelivesisverybig.注：that,which在以上的用法中，做宾语皆可省略。2.引导非限定性定语从句时，用关系代词which,不用that,且不省略。Ihavelostmywatch,whichIlikeverymuch.TaiwanispartofChina,whichisknowntoallofus.Theboydidn’ttakemedicine,whichmadehisfatherangry.Ⅲ.由who,whom,whose引导的定语从句在这类定语从句中,who用作主语,whom用作宾语,whose用作定语。ThatisthemanwhocomesfromAmerica.Thestudentwhomyouarelookingforisinthesportsfield.Doyouknowtheboywhosefatherisanengineer?注：1.以who开头的问句中,常用that代替who,避免重复。Whowasthegirlthathedancedwithintheball?2.由those,theones,anyone,作先行词时,通常用who,而不用that。Thosewhowanttoseethefilm,signyournameshere.3.由whom引导的定语从句,who可以代替whom,但在非限定性定语从句中则只能用whom,另外前面若有介词,则只能用whom。Theswimmer(who/whom/that)youareaskingaboutisoverthere.Thewoman,whomImetintheshop,isoneofmyoldclassmates.ThisisthegirlfromwhomIlearnedthenews.4.由whose引导的定语从句,既可以指人又可以指物。Thisisthehousewhosewindowsfacesouth.Thisistheoldmanwhosesonisalawyer.IV.由when,where,why引导的定语从句。when在从句中充当时间状语,where在从句中充当地点状语,why在从句中充当原因状语。Doyoustillrememberthedaywhenwejoinedtheleague?Thisisthetownwheremyfatherwasborn?Isthatthereasonwhyyouarealwayslate?注：1)Doyoustillrememberthedaythat/whichwespenttogetherhappily?whenwevisitedthemuseumtogether?whenweworkedtogether?相同的先行词(theday),但引导定语从句的关系副词并不相同,这取决于定语从句的谓语动词是及物还是不及物,和及物动词是否有宾语。2)Thisisthecitythat/whichwevisitedlastyear.wherewevisitedMr.Brown.wherehewasborn.相同的先行词(thecity)，但引导定语从句的关系副词并不相同，这取决于定语从句的谓语动词是及物还是不及物，以及及物动词是否有宾语。3.Thisisthereasonwhyhewaslatethismorning.thathegaveus.相同的先行词(thereason)，但引导定语从句的关系副词并不相同，这取决于定语从的谓语动词是及物还是不及物，以及及物动词是否有宾语。在第二句中give后面跟两个宾语。V.非限定性定语从句,主句和从句用逗号分开,句子的翻译也有区别。Shehasasonwhoisadoctor.(不只一个儿子)Shehasason,whoisadoctor.(就一个儿子)VI.as的引导的定语从句1.和such连用Thereisnosuchplaceasyoudreamofinthisworld.世界上绝没有像你梦想的那样的地方。2.和thesame连用Ihavethesametroubleasyouhave.我和你有同样的麻烦。3.as的固定用法。在此用法中,所引导的定语从句可放在主句的句首、句中、句末。Asweallknow,theearthisround.Theearth,asweallknow,isround.Theearthisround,asweallknow.一些常用的固定搭配Ashasbeensaidbefore如前所述Asoftenhappens正如经常发生的那样AswillbeshowninPicture2将如图2所示Asmaybeimagined这可以想象的出来Jointhepairsofsentenceswithwho,that,which,when,where.1.Thegirlisintheclass.Youarelookingforher.Thegirlwhoyouarelookingforisintheclassroom.2.ThepandaiscalledPanPan.Themanisplayingwithit.ThepandathatthemanisplayingwithiscalledPanPan.3.Thefactoryhasbeenclosed.Iworkedinthatfactoryforovertwoyears.ThefactoryinwhichIworkedforovertwoyearshasbeenclosed.4.Hewasbornintheyear.TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutinthatyear.HewasbornintheyearwhentheSecondWorldWarbrokeout.5.Kunmingisabeautifulcity.Flowersareseentherealltheyearround.Kunmingisabeautifulcitywhereflowersareseenalltheyearround.Translation1.众所周知,地球是圆的。Asisknowntoall,theearthisround.2.我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的那一天。I’llneverforgetthedaythatwespenttogether.3.窗户面向南的那所房子属于我的。Thehousewhosewindowsfacesouthbelongstome.4.我的哥哥18岁，他参军了。Mybrother,whois18yearsold,joinedthearmy.5.老人有两个儿子，都是律师。Theoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomarelawyers.6.昨天我们看的那场电影一点也没思。Thefilmthatwesawyesterdaywasnotinterestingatall.