摘要夫兰克-赫兹实验是近代物理实验之一,对物理学有着深远的影响。当实验条件中如加速电压、炉温度、电压的灯丝等的改变对实验结果有很大的影响。在本文中,分析了实验结果曲线随实验条件的变化而变化的情况,得出了在这些因素变化时实验曲线的变化规律,并从理论上解释了产生这些变化的原因,从而指出了在实验中各条件的最佳选择范围。夫兰克-赫兹实验仍是探索原子结构的重要手段,是了解原子的微观过程与宏观表现的桥梁。对建立新的物理思想与进入新的微观物理世界,具有非常重要的引导作用。关键词:夫兰克-赫兹;汞第一激发态;炉温度;灯丝电压IEffectofseveralfactorsfrank-HertzexperimentCHENQing-fengAbstractFrank-Hertzexperimentisoneofthemostimportantexperimentinmodernphysics,andithasgreateffectonphysics.Whenchangetheexperimentconditionsuchastheacceleratedvoltage,thefurnacetemperature,thevoltageofthefilamentandsoon,theexperimentresultwillbechangedtoo.Inthispaper,severalfactorsaffectingthecurvesareintroducedandthetheoreticalanalysisisgiventotheresultsoftheexperiment,andthetransformregularityofthecureaffectedbyabovementionedfactorsarepointedout.Amethodofselectingparametersoftheexperimenttodecreaseissummarizedintheendofthispaper.Itistounderstandthemicroandmacroatomsprocessperformanceofthebridge.Tobuildnewphysicalthoughtandintothenewmicrophysicalworld,haveveryimportantguidance.Keywords:Frank-Hertz;mercuryfirstexcitedstates;furnacetemperature;voltageofthefilamentII目录1引言.......................................................................................................................................................12实验原理................................................................................................................................................13影响夫兰克-赫兹实验的几个因素.......................................................................................................33.1温度对于实验的影响.....................................................................................................................33.2合适的炉温下,灯丝电压对实验的影响..........................................................................................53.3第一栅极电压对实验的影响....................................................................................................63.4阻滞电压的变化对实验的影响...................................................................................................73.5第二栅极电压区间电压对实验的影响....................................................................................84对夫兰克-赫兹实验的温度装置部分进行改进的探讨........................................................................85结论.......................................................................................................................................................9参考文献.................................................................................................................................................10致谢......................................................................................................................................................12IIIIV影响“夫兰克-赫兹实验”结果的几个因素探讨姓名:陈庆丰学号:2008284112班级:08物理学(师范)1引言1803年英国自然科学家道尔顿提出了世界上第一个原子的理论模型,原子是一个坚硬的实心小球。1904年汤姆森提出了枣糕式模型。汤姆森的学生卢瑟福完成的α粒子轰击金箔实验(散射实验),否认了枣糕式模型的正确性。1911...