工作流Activiti的学习总结(五) activiti的API和虚拟工作流测试VIP免费

工作流Activiti的学习总结（五）activiti的API和虚拟工作流测试activiti的API在activiti引擎中，你可以通过多种方式获取ProcessEngine对象，从ProcessEngine中获取各种服务对象，从而访问工作流/BPM方法。ProcessEngine和她的各种服务均为线程安全性服务。在整个项目中每一种服务仅需要保持一个引用。ProcessEngineprocessEngine=ProcessEngines.getDefaultProcessEngine();RuntimeServiceruntimeService=processEngine.getRuntimeService();RepositoryServicerepositoryService=processEngine.getRepositoryService();TaskServicetaskService=processEngine.getTaskService();ManagementServicemanagementService=processEngine.getManagementService();IdentityServiceidentityService=processEngine.getIdentityService();HistoryServicehistoryService=processEngine.getHistoryService();FormServiceformService=processEngine.getFormService();针对ProcessEngine的说明：ProcessEngine.getDefaultProcessEngine()在第一个被调用的时候初始化并创建一个流程引擎，在以后的调用中返回同一个引用的流程引擎对象。针对流程引擎中初始化方法为ProcessEngine.init().销毁方法的方法为ProcessEngine.destroy().ProcessEngineConfiguration.createProcessEngineConfigurationFromInputStream(inputStream).buildProcessEngine()创建工作流引擎，ProcessEngine见扫描所有的activiti.cfg.xml文件和activiti-context.xml文件。异常策略：在activiti中org.activiti.engine.ActivitiException类为所有异常的基类。ActivitiException为非检查性异常。例如：***Calledwhenthetaskissuccessfullyexecuted.*@paramtaskIdtheidofthetasktocomplete,cannotbenull.*@throwsActivitiExceptionwhennotaskexistswiththegivenid.*/voidcomplete(StringtaskId);其他异常类如下：ActivitiWrongDbException:ThrownwhentheActivitienginediscoversamismatchbetweenthedatabaseschemaversionandtheengineversion(schema版本和引擎版本不匹配报的错误).ActivitiOptimisticLockingException:Thrownwhenanoptimisticlockingoccursinthedatastorecausedbyconcurrentaccessofthesamedataentry.ActivitiClassLoadingException:Thrownwhenanclassrequestedtoloadwasnotfoundorwhenerroroccurredwhileloadingit(eg.JavaDelegates,TaskListeners,...).Activiti的测试：activiti的测试支持Junit3和Junit4的单元测试。在junit3的单元测试中，org.activit.engine.test.ActivitiTestCase必须被继承。在setup（）方法中，流程引擎要初始化加载classpath下默认的activi.cfg.xml资源文件。针对不同的配置文件可能需要重新getConfigurationResource()方法。在ActivitiTestCase中可以使用org.activiti.engine.test.Deployment注解方法。publicclassMyBusinessProcessTestextendsActivitiTestCase{@DeploymentpublicvoidtestSimpleProcess(){runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey("simpleProcess");Tasktask=taskService.createTaskQuery().singleResult();assertEquals("MyTask",task.getName());taskService.complete(task.getId());assertEquals(0,runtimeService.createProcessInstanceQuery().count());}}在junit4中org.activiti.engine.test.ActivitiRuleRule被采用。通过ActivitiRule中getter方法获取相关的服务。在Junit4同样功能的单元测试如下：publicclassMyBusinessProcessTest{@RulepublicActivitiRuleactivitiRule=newActivitiRule();@Test@DeploymentpublicvoidruleUsageExample(){RuntimeServiceruntimeService=activitiRule.getRuntimeService();runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey("ruleUsage");TaskServicetaskService=activitiRule.getTaskService();Tasktask=taskService.createTaskQuery().singleResult();assertEquals("MyTask",task.getName());taskService.complete(task.getId());assertEquals(0,runtimeService.createProcessInstanceQuery().count());}}在web环境中流程引擎的使用：...