1英语八大句子成分句子的主要成分是主语和谓语，次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。1）主语：常用n./pron./num./todo/doing/从句（主语从句）担任，一般放于句首。如：Studentsstudy.Wearefriends.20yearsisnotashorttime./80,000milesisalongjourney.Toseeistobelieve.Ifbuyingabagofcandiesdoesn'tappealtoyou,howaboutbuyingatree?Whathesaidimpressedmemost.★祈使句的主语往往省略。Hurryup,please.2）谓语：（时态和语态）表示主语的行为或状态，常用vi./vt./系动词或动词词组担任，放主语后。如:Shecried.Heleft.Wewillarrivesoon.Hefailedtheexam.Hegavemeagift.Ifoundthebookinteresting.Sheremainedyoungafter10years.3）宾语：表示动作的对象，常见的有动宾、介宾和形宾。常由n./pron./num./todo/doing/句子（宾语从句）担任。①vt+oHepassedtheexam.Ireceivedamessage.②vt+indirectobject+directOI'llfetchyouachair.Hepassedthesalttome.Ichoseabookforme.此类动词有：give,teach,buy,lend,find,hand,leave,sell,show,read,pay,make,offer,build,pass,bring,cook,refuse注：见附录一跟双宾的动词③vt+O+OC★Hemadethegirllaugh.注：见附录二跟宾和宾补的动词注：“动词+副词+宾语”如果宾语是代词，放中间：Pleaseputtheshoesaway./Pleaseputawaytheshoes./Pleaseputthemaway.（请把它们收起来。）24表语：说明主语性质或状态。由n./pron./num./adj./adv./todo/doing/done/pp/句子（表语从句）担任。Thistableislong.Nowleavesturnyellow.Sheisstillshe.Heismytutor.Theapplesonthetableare8.thelightisonallthetime.Theonlythingistowait.Thecupisbroken.Thebookisrelaxing.Thewholeclasswasincompletelysilenee.Thehousestilllookswhatitusedtobe10yearsago.5定语：描述名词的品质或特征，常用adj./n./pron./num./todo/doing/done/句子（定语从句）担任。aredsun.Flowershops.Hername.5men.Runningwater.Acatcalledmimi.Thebestwaytomakefriends.Iwouldliketoasksomepersonalquestionsabouthim,whichmustbeveryinteresting.冠词a/物代my/年龄old/形状round/大小big/温度cold色彩red来源Chinese质地材料woolen//用途reading被修饰的名词（中心词）---修饰顺序6状语:--动词、形容词、副词或句子的修饰语。常由adv./adj./todo/doing/done/pp/独立主格、句子（状语从句）担任。Thestudentsstudyhard.Thebagistooheavy.Afteraweek'strip,hereturnedhome,tiredbutveryhappy.（说明主语的状态）Inordertosolvetheproblem,hecameupwithasuggestion.Whenhecameback,Ihadbeenasleep.Timepermitting,heexpectstogoouttoplay.多个状语相连时,一般先单词、后短语，先地点、后时间，先小概念、后大概念：Hewentoutoftheroomataquarterto23:00lastnightandthendisappearedintothedark.7补语--宾语或主语的补充说明，adj./n./todo/doing/done/pp.Tomwasmademonitor.Hopefully,thebookwillhelpustoknowandlearnEnglishbetter.Ourcountrywillbemademoreandmorebeautifulifwetryourbest.CallhimJim,please.Itriedmybesttomakehimhappy.Askhertocometodinnertomorrow.Heletthesmalleranimalsbringfoodtohim.Pleaseputitaway.8.同位语--同等重要的修饰语，n/pron/num/pp/todo/doing/句子（同位语从句）Wearepreparingforthecomingofthedoubleninthfestival,aholidayforustoshowourrespectfort3heelderly.Thereisnosignsthathewasarichman.Puff,themagicdragon,livedbythesea.练习：分析下面句子成分Ifyouwanttherainbow,youhavetoputupwiththerain.不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。Thesecretofsuccessistostartfromscratchandkeeponscratching.成功的秘诀在于从磨练开始，并要坚持不断磨练。Youdon'talwayswantwhatyouneed,orneedwhatyouwant.所需之物未必皆所欲，所欲未必皆所需。Youdon'tfindopportunities...youmakethem.你找不到机会。你得去创造机会。Youprobablywon'thearopportunityknockifyourtelevisionisalwayson.Timeismoney.Thereareonlytwokindsofmusic.goodandbad.自古音乐...
