LECTURE12分隔结构本堂目标：熟悉各种分隔结构，学会识别长难句中的各种分隔现象，重点掌握插入语作分隔结构的情况，，快速理解长难句。基础预习一般情况下，句子中的某些成分应该紧靠在一起，如主语和谓语，动词和宾语，修饰语与被修饰语等。但有些时候这些本应紧密连接的句子成分被其他成分分隔，这种语言现象叫作分隔。了解这一语言现象有助于对长句、难句的理解。一、主语与谓语的分隔分类例示被定语分隔Everyone，oldoryoung,shouldcontributehistimeandenergytohiswork.（后置形容词作定语分隔）Theirweekendtogetherremainedvividlyinthethoughts.（后置副词定语分隔）Themachinetobeexaminedhasbeenboughttothefactory.（不定式定语分隔）被状语分隔Heseldomeatstoomuch.（副词作状语分隔）Balloons,beinglighterthanair,areheldupbytheair.（现在分词短语作状语分隔）He,likeeverybodyelse,hadworriedaboutit.（介词短语作状语分隔）被同位语分隔Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedforNewYorkfromSouthamptononApril10th,1912.（被作同位语的名词分隔）Theideathatmodernartcanexactlybeseeninmuseumsismistaken.（被同位语从句分隔）被插入语分隔This,inmyopinion,isonlyoneoftheminorissues.（介词短语作插入语分隔）Yoursuggestion,tobefrank,willonlyleadusintotrouble.（不定式作插入语分隔）Thetalk,Ithink,wasbothinterestingandinstructive.（主谓结构作插入语分隔）【例】Allmusic,whetheritisthepulsationofprimitivetribaldrumsorthecomplexcoordinationofvoicesandinstrumentsinanopera,hasthisfeature:itisbaseduponthepowerofsoundtostiroursensesandfeelings.【点睛】句子的主干为Allmusic⋯hasthisfeature⋯。主句的主语和谓语被whether⋯or⋯引导的让步状语从句隔开。【译文】所有的音乐，不管是原始部落的鼓声，还是戏剧中声音和乐器的和谐，都有这种特点：都基于声音的力量，这种力量能激起我们的感官反应，让我们产生感觉。二、复合谓语的分隔分类例示助动词与主动词分隔Theconditionhasbeenmoreorlessimproved.（被副词分隔）Idon’tintheleastwanttogowithyou.（被介词短语分隔）情态动词与主动词分隔Youmightatleastoffertohelp.（被介词短语分隔）Computerscouldsomedaybeusedinsideanatom.（被名词状语分隔）系动词与主语补语的分隔Hewasbynomeansahardman.（被介词短语分隔）Thesunis,infact,essentialinorderforlifetoexistontheearth.（被插入语分隔）【例】（08-PartB）Tomakerevisioneasier,leavewidemarginsandextraspacebetweenlinessothatyoucaneasilyaddwords,sentencesandcorrections【点睛】sothat引导目的状语从句，该从句中的副词easily将情态动词can和主动词add分隔。【译文】为了方便修改，写作时页边距和行距要留得大些，以便添加词语、句子并做修改。三、动词/介词与宾语的分隔分类例示动词与宾语分隔Theyannouncedinthenewspaperthedataoftheirwedding.（被介词短语分隔）介词与宾语分隔Ihadnotseenhimforatleasttenday.（被介词短语分隔）【例】Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild’sacquisitionofeachnewskill—thefirstspokenwords,thefirstindependentsteps,orthebeginningofreadingandwriting.【点睛】本句主干为everyparentwatchesthechild’sacquisitionofeachnewskill。副词eagerly将句子的谓语和宾语分隔开。【译文】在养育孩子的过程中，每一位父母都十分关注孩子所学会的每一样本领。比如：最先会说的话，第一次独立走路时的情景，或是开始学会读和写的时间。四、固定搭配中的分隔分类例示动词与介词分隔Shelookedeverywhereforhimbutcouldnotfindhim.（lookedfor被副词分隔）Theaudienceconsistedforthemostpartofyoungpeople.（consistedof被介词短语分隔）形容词与介词分隔Dimmitroffwentthroughallthis.Hewasdifferent,however,fromothers.（differenfrom被插入语分隔）【例】(07-Text3)Fromthemiddle-classfamilyperspective,muchofthis,understandably,looksfarlesslikeanopportunitytoexerc...
