英国文学作家作品列表PeriodHistoricalBackgroundLifeTimeNameCNNameWritingsCNWritingsNotesEarly&MedievalPeriod(449-1485)早期中世纪时期（poetry,Romance,Popularballad）英国中世纪文学史大致可分为盎格鲁-撒克逊（TheAnglo-SaxonPeriod,449-1066）和中古英语（TheMiddleEnglishPeriod,1066-1485）两个时期。ThemakingoftheEngland:Jutes,AnglesandSaxonsinvadedAlbionandcombinedintooneUnitedKingdom-theEngland.TheirdialectsgraduallygrewintoasinglelanguagecalledAnglo-Saxon,orOldEnglish.Feudalsystemwasestablished；RomanCatholicChurchcontrolledoverthecountry.700-750Boewulf贝奥武甫英国的民族史诗(thenationalepicoftheEnglishpeople)strickingfeature:alliteration,metaphorsandunderstatements.1343-1400GeoffreyChaucer杰弗利·乔叟TheCanterburyTales（Masterpiece）坎特伯雷故事集theFatherofEnglishpoetry英国诗歌之父，theforerunnerofEnglishrenaissance英国文艺复兴先驱，metricalform(格律形式)laidthefoundationoftheEnglishverse格律形式奠定了基础的英语节律，theheroiccouplet英雄双韵体RenaissancePeriod(Humanism)(late15thcentury~early17thcentury)文艺复兴伊丽莎白时代（TheElizabethanAge）的英国戏剧是英国文艺复兴时期所有文学形式中最辉煌的一种，代表了英国乃至整个欧洲文艺复兴时期文学创作的最高成就。［poetry(sonnetandblankverse),drama,essay］TheWarsoftheRoses(1455-1485)andTudordynastywhichwasestablishedbyHenryVIIin1485.Reformation:Protestantismbecametheofficialnationalreligion.TheEnclosuremovement:compelledpeasantstobecomethehiredlaborersforthemerchants.FlourishingintheElizabethanAge:Thecommercialexpansionandtheriseofbourgeoisie.ThewarwithSpain:in1588,theSpanishArmadawasdefeated.Englandhadsovereigntyovertheseas.文艺复兴具有三个主要特征:古希腊、罗马文化的复兴；知识的复兴;人文主义运动的发展。1478-1535ThomasMore托马斯·莫尔Utopia乌托邦理想国，空想主义的代名词，开创英国哲理幻想小说传统的先河thefirsttointroducetheSonnetintoEnglishliterature首先把十四行诗译成英语文学1552-1599EdmundSpenser埃德蒙·斯宾赛TheFaerieQueen仙后thepoets’poet诗人中的诗人歌颂女王，宣扬人文主义思想TheSpenserianStanza斯宾塞诗体1564-1593ChristopherMarlowe克里斯扥夫·马洛DrFauctusTamburlaineTheJewofMalta浮士德博士的悲剧帖木耳大帝马耳他的犹太人TheRenaissanceexplorationspiritandextremeindividualismspirit文艺复兴探索精神和极端的个人主义精神,thegreatestplaywrightbeforeShakespeare莎士比亚之前最伟大的剧作家，“UniversityWit”大学才子派,thepioneerofEnglishdrama1564-1616WilliamShakespeare威廉·莎士比亚Fourcomedies：1.Amidsummernight’sdream2.TheMerchantofVenice3.AsYouLikeit4.TwelfthnightFourtragedies:1.Hamlet2.Othello3.KingLear4.ThetragedyofMacbethTheTempest四大喜剧：1.仲夏夜之梦2.威尼斯商人3.皆大欢喜4.第十二夜四大悲剧：1.哈姆雷特2.奥赛罗3.李尔王4.麦克白暴风雨aboveallwritersinthepastandinthepresenttime，heproduced2longnarrativepoems,154sonnetsand38plays两首长诗歌，154首十四行诗和38部戏剧，representstheclimaxoftheRenaissance代表了文艺复兴时期的高潮，oneofthefirstfoundersofrealism第一个现实主义的创始人之一，anencyclopediaoftheElizabethanAge伊丽莎白时代的百科全书，thelargestcommandofvocabulary他有最大的词汇量，AeschylusandShakespeareas“thetwogreatestdramaticgeniusestheworldhaseverknown”埃斯库罗斯和莎士比亚是“两个世界历来所知最伟大的戏剧天才”1561-1626FrancisBacon弗兰西斯·培根EssaysOfStudies论说文集论读书championofmodernscience现代科学拥护者，散文家，题材广泛17thcentury（poetry,comedy,prose）EnglishRevolution(1649)TheestablishmentofaCommonwealthThemonarchywasrestored(1...
