论中国古代重农抑商政策摘要在中国两千年的封建君主专制社会中,重农抑商思想伴随其始终,并且在这种思想指导下,历朝历代采取不同程度的抑商政策,甚至这种思想的影响至今仍然可见,那么从重农抑商思想在中国古代社会的成因及其影响入手来解析中国封建社会的特点就成为可取之途径。本文试图通过对中国古代重农抑商思想产生的社会历史环境进行考察、对重农抑商思想的形成和发展过程做出梳理、以及对由重农抑商思想所产生的抑商政策做概括介绍,得出对重农抑商思想的实质的认识并且对其在中国古代社会所起的积极和消极作用进行评价,从而解析重农抑商思想对中国现代社会发展的诸多因素产生的影响,以为寻求中国社会的政权模式和发展道路在理论上做出部分解释。关键词:中国古代;重农抑商政策;研究AbstractInChinatwothousandyearsoffeudalautocraticmonarchysociety,RestrainingCommercethoughtitalwaysaccompanied,andinthisthought,dynastiesadoptdifferentlevelsofsuppressioncommercialpolicy,andeventheimpactofthisideaisstillvisible,heavyRestrainingCommercethoughtsonthecausesandeffectsofancientChinesesocietystarttoresolvethecharacteristicsofChina'sfeudalsocietyhasbecomewayofmerit.ThispaperattemptstoancientChinaRestrainingCommerceideasgeneratedbysocialandhistoricalenvironmentstudyoftheformationanddevelopmentofRestrainingCommerceideastomakecombingandcommercialpolicyofsuppressionbytheRestrainingCommercesummarizeideasgeneratedbydoingintroduction,comeonRestrainingCommerceideologicalunderstandingoftheessence,andpositiveandnegativeroleinancientChinesesocietyhasplayeditsevaluation,thusaffectingRestrainingCommerceanalyticalthinkingonmanyfactorsandsocialdevelopmentofChina'smoderngenerated,thatsoughtpoliticalpowermodeandpathofdevelopmentofChinesesocietymadepartlyexplaintheoretically.Keywords:ancientChina;RestrainingCommercePolicy;research目录1.绪论..............................................................32.“重农抑商”思想产生的社会历史环境................................32.1以一家一户为基本单位的小农经济...............................32.2专制主义政治秩序的客观需要...................................42.3地主土地占有形式发展的必然结果...............................53.中国古代的重农抑商思想的形成和发展过程............................63.1先秦时期的重农抑商思想.......................................63.1.1儒家的农本思想.........................................63.1.2法家的重农抑商思想.....................................73.1.3《管子·轻重》的重农抑商思想............................83.2秦汉以后重农抑商思想的发展...................................94.重农思想影响下的抑商政策........................................104.1贱商........................................................104.2省工贾,众农夫,严禁去农从商................................114.3重税政策....................................................124.4禁榷制度....................................................134.5其他抑商政策................................................135.对中国古代抑商思想与政策评价.....................................145.1重农抑商思想及政策的积极作用................................155.1.1重农抑商维护了封建社会的经济基础......................155.1.2重农抑商是封建社会国家机器运转的基石..................155.2重农抑商思想及政策的负面影响................................165.2.1抑制了商品经济的发展..................................165.2.2使民主的价值规范缺乏历史积淀..........................16结论.............................................................17参考文献................