四川洪雅县2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（5）[史地自然型阅读理解(一)]ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru'sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.Forthousandsofyears，PolynesianpeoplelivedintheremoteislandofNauru，farfromWesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thewhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisitit，bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Atenyearcivilwarstarted，whichreducedthepopulationfrom1，400to900.Nauru'srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate(磷酸盐)ontheisland.Infact，itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate，whichwasaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground；itisastripmine.Whenacompanydiscoversstripmining，itremovesthetoplayerofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Stripminingtotallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.In1968，Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate.Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition，theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000，Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433，600，000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.1.Whatmightbetheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．ToseekhelpforNauru'sproblems.B．Togiveawarningtoothercountries.C．Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.D．Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.2.WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?A．Richandpowerful.B．Modernandopen.C．Peacefulandattractive.D．Greedyandaggressive.3.TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom________．A．soilpollutionB．phosphateoverminingC．farmingactivityD．whalehunting4.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru'sfinancialproblem?A．Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.B．Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland.C．Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney.D．Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph?A．Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.B．Theleaderswilltaketheexperts'wordsseriously.C．TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans.D．Thephosphateminesweredestroyed.【参考答案解析】A【要点综述】文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。1．B由文章第一段的“Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru'sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选B项。2．C从第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛很吸引人；由第二段第一句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C项。3．B最后一段的“Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem－theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.”即“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐...
