内蒙古赤峰二中2017-2018学年高二英语下学期第二次周考试题（无答案）第一部分：阅读理解Initsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck.Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimewentsomethinglikethis:AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.Askedifheneedshelp,hereplies,"No,thanks.I'vegotagoodhorseunderme."Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage(排水)system,buttheresimplywasn'tenoughdifferencebetweentheheightofthegroundlevelandthewaterlevel.TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity.AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedmethecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity'sstreetsbyasmuchas12feet.Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem:dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice:eitherchangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasements,andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors,orhoisttheentirebuildingstomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwood-framebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.Butwhataboutlarge,heavystructureslikeTremontHotel,whichwasasix-storybrickbuilding?That'swhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehouse-movingskillssuccessfully.ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHotel,Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews(螺旋千斤顶)beneaththebuilding'sfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectionofroughly10jackscrews.AtPullman'ssignaleachmanturnedhisjackscrewthesameamountatthesametime,therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.Astonishingly,theTremontHotelstayopenduringtheentireoperation,andmanyofitsguestsdidn'tevennoticeanythingwashappening.Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.ButinChicago'searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem.NowthatChicago'swastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver,thecity'snextstepwastocleanthepollutedriver.1.Theauthormentionsthejoketoshow______.AhorseswerefairlyusefulinChicagoBChicago'sstreetswereextremelymuddyCChicagowasverydangerousinthespringDtheChicagopeoplewereparticularlyhumorous2.ThecityplannerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughto_______.A.getridofthestreetdirtB.lowertheChicagoRiverC.fightagainstheavyfloodsD.buildthepipesaboveground3.Theunderlinedword"hoist"inParagraph4means"_______".AchangeBliftCrepairDdecorate4.WhatcanweconcludeaboutthemovingoperationoftheTremontHotel?AItwentonsmoothlyasintended.BItinterruptedthebusinessofthehotel.CItinvolvedPullmanturningtenjackscrews.DItseparatedthebuildingfromitsfoundation.5.ThepassageismainlyabouttheearlyChicago's______.A.popularlifestylesandtheirinfluencesB.environmentaldisastersandtheircausesC.engineeringproblemsandtheirsolutionsD.successfulbusinessmenandtheirachievementsBEveryscientificfieldusesthescientificmethodtoconductexperiments.Performingexperimentsisveryimportantinthefieldofpsychology.Beforebeginningastudy,however,anyscientistwhowishestoperformanexperimentshouldbefamiliarwiththestepsofthescientificmethod.6◆Formahypothesis（假设）.Itisaneducatedguessaboutwhatwillhappenduringthestudy.7Comingupwithahypothesisbeforeyoustartcanhelpguideyourexperiment.◆Planoutastudy.Planningouttheexperimentisessentialbecausethepsychologistneedstoknowiftheyhavetime,materials,andtestingareapreparedbeforehand.Thisstepalsohelpsthescientisttodetermineiftheywillbeperformingdescriptiveorexperimentalresearch.Theide...
