汽车专业英语SpecialtyEnglishforAutomobileBodyBodyBrakingBrakingEngineEngineSuspensionSuspensionSteeringSteeringPowertrainPowertrainElectricalsystemElectricalsystemChassisChassisChapter1AutomotiveBasicsWhat’sthemainpartsofanautomobile?Today’saveragecarcontainsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogetherthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscanbegroupedintofourmajorcategories:body,engine,chassisandelectricalequipment。现在的车辆一般都由15000多个分散、独立且相互配合相互配合的零部件组成。这些零部件主要分为四类：车身、发动机、底盘和电气设备。1.1BodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,ahoodandatrunkdeckbuiltintoit.Itprovideaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengersandcargo.汽车车身由金属薄板外壳和窗户、车门、发动机罩、行李箱盖等组成。汽车车身为发动机、乘员和货物提供了保护。Hood：发动机罩bonnet软帽Trunkdeck：行李箱盖Trunk/boot：行李箱靴子Luggage：行李baggageCargo：货物goodsThebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable.Thebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modernsappearanceforthevehicle.汽车车身的设计还应该保证乘员的安全舒适。车身的造型（款式）使得汽车看起来漂亮迷人、色彩斑斓、时尚前卫。ThreepointsseatbeltinacarThreepointsseatbeltinacarFivepointsharnessinaracingcar铠甲甲胄Fivepointsharnessinaracingcar铠甲甲胄AirbagAirbag1885Benz1885Benz1927FordmodelT1927FordmodelT1934CitroënTractionAvant1934CitroënTractionAvant1953MorrisMinorSeries21953MorrisMinorSeries2MinicooperMinicooperAsedanhasanenclosedbodywithamaximumof4doorstoallowaccesstothepassengercompartment.Thedesignalsoallowsforstorageofluggageorothergoods.Asedancanalsobereferredtoasasaloonandtraditionallyhasafixedroof.Therearesoft-topversionsofthesamebodydesignexceptforhaving2doors,andthesearecommonlyreferredtoasconvertibles.轿车车身为封闭式，乘员通过车门进出，轿车最多有4个车门。另外车身的设计还应考虑行李和货物的存放。传统的轿车都是硬顶车身。活顶乘用车（敞篷车）的车顶是软顶，车身设计与普通轿车类似，但只有两个车门。行李箱行李==？发动机//发动机罩Trunk/bootLuggage/baggageEngine//hook/bonnetTheutilityorpick-upcarriesgoods.Usuallyithasstrongerchassiscomponentsandsuspensionthanasedantosupportgreatergrossvehiclemass.皮卡一般用来运载货物。为能承载更大的总质量，皮卡的底盘和悬架比轿车更结实。utility/pick-up:皮卡Grossvehiclemass：车辆总质量Curbweight汽车整备重量Lightvehiclevanscanbebasedoncommonsedandesignsorredesignssothatmaximumcargospaceisavailable.轻型货车一般是基于普通轿车设计的，或是重新设计使可用载货空间最大化。Avanisakindofvehicleusedfortransportinggoodsorgroupsofpeople.Itisusuallyabox-shapedvehicleonfourwheels,aboutthesamewidthandlengthasalargeautomobile,buttallerandusuallyhigherofftheground,alsoreferredtoasalightcommercialvehicleorLCV.Thebodyofcommercialvehiclesthattransportgoodsaredesignedforthatspecificpurpose.Tankerstransportfluids,tipperscarryearthorbulkgrains,flatbedsandvansareusedforgeneralgoodstransport.用于运输货物的商用车车身必须满足具体要求，例如运输液体的油罐车、运输泥土或散装谷物的自卸车、运输一般货物的平板车或货车。nosidesorroofBusesandcoachesareusually4-wheelrigidvehicles,butalargenumberofwheelsandaxlescanbeused.Sometimesarticulatedbusesareusedtoincreasecapacity.Busesandcoachescanbesingle-deckordouble-deck.Busesarecommonlyusedincitiesascommutertransportswhilecoachesaremoreluxurioususedforlongdistances.客车和长途汽车一般有4个车轮，车架为整体式，也能配备更多的车轮和车桥。为了增加...
