高中英语学习材料（灿若寒星*制作整理）GRAMMAR倒装【归纳】英语中，有时出于句子结构的需要或为了强调某一句子成分，通常把谓语或谓语的一部分放在主语之前，称为倒装。倒装分为完全倒装和部分倒装。一、完全倒装完全倒装通常是把句子的谓语全部置于主语之前。常见的完全倒装的情况有：1.表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语为名词而谓语为不及物动词时。如：Fromthewindowcamethebeautifulsoundofmusic.Onthetablestoodtwoglassesandanemptybottle.2.out,in,up,down,off,here,there,now,then等副词位于句首且主语为名词时。如：Downfellhalfadozenapples.Herecomesthebus.注意：主语为人称代词时，主语和谓语的语序不变。如：Hereshecomes!3.在therebe结构中。如：Thereisamanatthedoorwhowantstoseeyou.4.作表语的形容词、过去分词等位于句首且主语为名词时。如：PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorSmith,ProfessorBrown,SirHughandmanyotherfamouspeople.Gonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheylikedtothepeopleinthecountry.二、部分倒装部分倒装通常是把谓语的一部分（如助动词或情态动词）提到主语之前。常见的部分倒装的情况有：1.含有否定意义的副词或连词hardly,never,not,little,seldom,nolonger,notonly,notuntil等位于句首时。如：Hardlyhadhefinishedhisworkwhenthetelephonerang.LittledidIrealizeIwouldonedaybeinchargeoftheoffice.注意：①notonly...butalso...连接两个并列分句时，如果notonly位于句首，则前一分句倒装，后一分句仍然用陈述语序。如：Notonlydidhecomplainaboutthefood,buthealsorefusedtopayforit.②notuntil后跟状语从句位于句首时，从句不倒装，后面的主句倒装。如：NotuntilshespokedidIrealizeshewasn’tEnglish.2.only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时。如:Onlythendidsherealizethestresshewasunder.OnlyinthishousedoIfeelsafeandsecure.Onlybecausethereweresomecancelledbookingsdidhegetsometicketsintheend.注意：如果only修饰主语位于句首时，句子不倒装。如：Onlyafewstudentsgottheanswertothisquestionright.3.so,neither,nor引起的句子，表示前面的情况也适用于另一人（或物）时。如：IlikesingingandsodoesHelen.Jamesdidn’tattendthemeetingandneitherdidJane.4.as引导让步状语从句时。此时常将表语、状语或动词提前，构成倒装。如：Strangeasitmayseem,thetallestboyistheyoungest.Tryashemight,hecouldn’topenthebox.5.在so/such...that结构中，so或such置于句首时。此时so或such后的形容词或副词等随之前移。如：Somuchdidheworryabouthissisterthathecouldn’tsleepatnight.Suchaloudvoicedidhespeakinthatevenpeopleinthenexthousecouldhearhim.注意：如果谓语动词为be时，则为完全倒装。如：SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit.6.虚拟条件句将if省略时。此时将were/had/should等提至主语前。如：Wereitnotfortheirassistance,wewouldn’tbeabletodosowell.Hadwegotthereearlier,wewouldhavecaughtthetrain.【即学即练】I.将下面短文中的画线部分改写为倒装句。Iwouldneverneedtoworryaboutthefutureagain!Therewouldbenoneedformetoborrowmoneyfromfriendsunderanysituation!Thingshadseldomlookedsobright!ButIdidn’tknowatthetimethatmyluckwassoontochange...Ihadhardlygotthemoneywhentheshares(股份)fellquicklyontheStockExchange(证券交易所).IhadnosoonerbeguntoenjoymywealththanIwasagainreducedtomyformerpoorstate.Alinethatwentsharplydownlayonthescreen.Ifeltsodisappointed.Iwaitedforittogoup,butIwasneveragaintoexperiencethatfeelingofsuddenluck.Irealizedonlyaftermanyyearsofhardworkthatmoneyalonedoesnotleadtohappinessandsuccess.1._____________________________________________________2._____________________________________________________3._____________________________________________________4._____________________________________________________5.__...
