动词一、分类1.实义动词eat,drink,sleep,run,play…可分为：及物动词、不及物动词、延续性动词和非延续性动词2.系动词look,sound,smell,keep,stay…（后跟形容词做表语，组成系表结构）状态类：be,stay,seem,keep感官类：feel,look,smell,taste,sound变化类：become,get,go,grow,turn★注意：系动词不能单独作谓语、系动词没有被动语态、不用于进行时除了be动词外，其他的系动词加形容词作表语3.助动词do/does/did,have/has/had(完成时中),will，否定在助动词后直接加not,问句直接把助动词提到主语前面4.情态动词can,could,may,might,must,ought,should,need…等。否定在后面直接加not,问句直接提前情态动词考点分析：1）can/could,beableto区别:两者都可以用来表示能力。can只有现在时(can)和过去时(could)，而beableto可用于多种时态。注:can与beableto，不能重复使用2）can/could表示“可能性”没有时间区别，can可能性比could大，表示逻辑上或理论上的可能性，而不是某种实际上将要发生或正在发生的可能性。Hecan’tbeathome.（不可能在家）3)can/could/may/might表示“请求；许可”要注意：can/could提问时的回答e.gCouldIuseyourbike,Mum?Yes,youcan.辨析：Couldyourideabikelastyear?No,Icouldn’t.ButIcannow.（表能力）4）情态动词的否定:部分情态动词的否定形式是情态动词考点之一.mustn’t不准,禁止needn’t没必要(=don’thaveto)can’t不能;不可能maynot不可以;可能不shouldn’t不应该(=oughtnotto)hadbetternot最好不要5）need用法A:作为情态动词:Ineednotfinishtheworknow.★注意对need问句的回答:--MustIfinishtheworktoday?--Yes,youmust..//--No,youneedn’t.//--No,youdon’thaveto★needn’t对其它情态动词的回答:--ShallItellJohnaboutit?--No,youneedn’t(don’thaveto)B:作为实义动词:Weneedtofinishthework.(肯定)Wedon’tneedtofinishthework.(否定)C.其它用法Mybikeneedsrepairing.==Mybikeneedstoberepaired.巩固练习1.—Mom,mustIgoshoppingwithyou?（15南京）—No,you.YoucanwatchthefilmBigHero6withyourfriends.A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t2.—Youparkhere!Lookatthesign.Itsays“Noparking”.（15苏州）—Sorry,Ididn’tnoticethatsignjustnow.A.won’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.couldn’t3.—Excuseme,whenarewegoingtohaveapicnic?（12扬州）—I’mnotsure.Askourmonitor,please.Heknow.A.needB.canC.mayD.shall4.—HownicethatLucyhasbeeninvitedtothepartytoo!(14常州)—Well,Lucynotcome.Sheisnotcertainwhetherhermotherwillallowherto.A.mightB.wouldC.mustD.need5.Theladyinthisphotobeoverfifty!Shelookssoyoung!(12无锡)A.mustn’tB.mustC.can’tD.can二、非谓语动词(todo,doing,done)1.todo：动词不定式肯定形式:todo否定形式:nottodoA常见的动词不定式的搭配want/wouldlike/hope/decide/plantodoask/want/tell/invite/warnsb.(not)todo…Ittakessb.sometimetodo…It’s+adj.+of/forsb.todo…形容词/副词+enoughtodo…too…todo…havenochoicebuttodo…whattodo…B不带to的不定式的固定搭配make/let/havesb.dosthhadbetter(not)dosthwhynot/don’tyoudo…?wouldratherdothando…Wouldyouplease(not)dosth.?C动词不定式在句中的作用1)对我们来说学好英语很重要(主语）________________________isimportantforus.Itisimportantforus______________________.2)他们不知道怎么做。（疑问词+动词不定式作宾语）Theydon’tknow____________________.3)这个游戏的目的是环游世界以了解各地的历史。（表语）Thepurposeofthegameis_______________________________eachplace.4)你想要的喝的吗？（动词不定式做后置定语修饰不定代词）Wouldyoulikesomething__________?5)我们有很多家庭作业要做。Wehavealotofhomework________.6)老师让我们明天把字典带到学校来。（宾补）Theteacheraskedus________________________toschooltomorrow.7)人们急匆匆地将生病的男孩送到医院。（目的状语）Peoplewereinahurry___________theboytothehospi...
