非谓语动词非谓语动词11．性质．性质：它具有动词的特点，：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，即：的作用，即：除谓语以外的一切除谓语以外的一切成分。成分。22．形式．形式不定式不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词。相当于名词、形容词、副词。充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。补足语、状语。动名词动名词相当于名词充当主语、表语、相当于名词充当主语、表语、定语、宾语。定语、宾语。分词分词相当于形容词、副词。作表语、相当于形容词、副词。作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语。定语、宾语补足语、状语。33．语态：．语态：必须搞清逻辑主语与非谓语动词的必须搞清逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系，从而来确定非谓语动词态的语态。关系，从而来确定非谓语动词态的语态。逻辑主语能发出该动作（发）逻辑主语能发出该动作（发）逻辑主语不能发出该动作（收）逻辑主语不能发出该动作（收）不发不收用结构：不发不收用结构：动词不定式：用独立结构。动词不定式：用独立结构。动名词：用复合结构。动名词：用复合结构。分词：用独立主格结构分词：用独立主格结构不定式不定式11．不定式作主语．不定式作主语：：WarmupexercisesWarmupexercises::1)changethefollowingintotheinfinitive1.______(die)forpeopleisagloriousthing.1.______(die)forpeopleisagloriousthing.2.______(talk)withhimisagreatpleasure.2.______(talk)withhimisagreatpleasure.3.______(help)othersisourduty.3.______(help)othersisourduty.4.______(see)istobelieve.4.______(see)istobelieve.5.______(sit)atthebackoftheclassroom5.______(sit)atthebackoftheclassroommadethestudentssurprised.madethestudentssurprised.2)changethesentencesaboveintotheonesusing“it”asformsubject..TodieTotalkTohelpToseeTosit3)A:如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不定式前加一个由for引起的短语。ItiseasyItiseasyforthestudentsforthestudentstoread.toread.ItwillbeamistakeItwillbeamistakeforusforustohelpyou.tohelpyou.B:下列形容词作表语时，不定式前常加一个of引起的短语，这些形容词是：(表评价性的，来说明逻辑主语的性质，特征，属性）kind,good,nice,wise,unwise,clever,silly,stupid,foolish,wrong,right,careless,rude,polite,naughtyetc.It’sIt’skindkindofofyoutothinksomuchofus.youtothinksomuchofus.It’sIt’sunwiseunwiseofofhimtoleavehomeatonce.himtoleavehomeatonce.It‘sIt‘swrongwrongofofhimtospeakbadbehindothers.himtospeakbadbehindothers.It’sIt’swrongwrongofofthesouthtobreakawayfromthethesouthtobreakawayfromtheUnion.Union.2．不定式作表语1.Herworkis______(look)afterthechildren.2.Myaimis______(go)toTsingHuaUniversity.3.Sheseemed______(think)abouttheproblem.4.Theyappeared_________(agree)withwhatwesaid.不定式作be动词的表语时可以和主语部分调换，说明主语的内容。tolooktogotothinktoagree33．不定式作宾语：．不定式作宾语：有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。常见的动词有：常见的动词有：want,demand,hope,wish,expect;want,demand,hope,wish,expect;like,hate;start,begin;fail,help,offer,like,hate;start,begin;fail,help,offer,try,manage,pretend,forget,try,manage,pretend,forget,remember,promise,prepare,learn,remember,promise,prepare,learn,agree,plan,determine,prefer,intend,agree,plan,determine,prefer,intend,etc.etc.1.Theywanted________(get)onthe1.Theywanted________(get)onthebus,didn’tthey?bus,didn’tthey?2.Hesaidhewished__________(be)a2.Hesaidhewished__________(be)aprofessor.professor.3.Iagreed__________(go)therewiththe3.Iagreed_______...
