•语法专项提升•状语从句•时间状语从句•(1)表示时间的状语从句可以由when,whenever,as,while,before,until,eversince,assoonas等词引导。•Asayoungman(=Whenhewasayoungman),hewasfondofhunting.他年轻时,喜欢打猎。•Whentherainstopped,studentsrushedoutoftheclassroom.•雨停了,学生们冲出教室。•MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.•我做作业时母亲在做饭。•Wewereabouttosetoffwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.•我们刚要出发,突然下起雨来。•ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.•我半年之后才回来。•(2)名词词组引导时间状语从句:every/eachtime每一次;themoment/minute那时(一……就……);thefirst/secondtime第一/二次;thelasttime最后一次;theday那一天;theweek那一周等。•EverytimeIseehim,helooksmiserable.•每次我看见他,他都是一副愁眉苦脸的样子。•Hesaidhe’dphoneyouthemomenthegothome.•他说他一到家就给你打电话。•(3)assoonas,instantly,directly,immediately等表示从句动作一发生,主句动作随即发生,通常意为“一……就……”,也可引起表示时间的状语从句。•ThemomentIsawit,Ifellinlovewithit.•我一看见它就爱上了它。•DirectlyIhaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.•我一做完,就知道犯了个错误。•Herushedupstairsimmediatelyheheardaloudnoise.•他一听到大的响动就冲上了楼梯。•(4)nosooner...than和hardly...when引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时,从句用过去时。若把nosooner,hardly提到句首,主句须倒装。•Nosoonerhadhesatdownthanthephonerang.•他刚坐下,电话铃就响了。•Hardlyhadthegamebegunwhenitstartedtorain.•比赛刚刚开始,天就开始下起雨来。•条件状语从句•引导条件状语从句的从属连词有:if,unless(=if...not除非),so/aslongas(只要),incase(万一),onconditionthat(条件是),suppose/supposing(假设,如果),providedthat(如果)等。•Don’tcomeinunlessIletyou.别进来,除非我允许。•Aslongasyoudon’tloseheart,youwillsucceed.•只要你不灰心,你会成功的。•Suppose/Supposing(that)theyrefuseus,whoelsecanweturntoforhelp?倘若他们拒绝我们,我们还能向谁求助呢?•原因状语从句•原因状语从句常用because,since,as,for引导,还可用seeingthat(既然),nowthat(既然),consideringthat/who/how...(考虑到……),inthat(因为),notthat...butthat(不是因为……而是因为)等引导。•Nowthatthey’vegottoknoweachotheralittlebetter,theygetalongjustfine.•由于彼此之间有了进一步了解,他们相处的不错。•Johndidquitewellinhisexamsconsideringhowlittlehestudied.考虑到约翰才学了那么一点点,他考得已很不错了。•Thesituationisrathercomplicatedinthatwehavetwomanagingdirectors.由于我们有两位总经理,所以情况很复杂。•让步状语从句•让步状语从句由though(although),evenif(eventhough),nomatterhow/where/what...,whatever,however,whoever等引导。•Althoughthecarisold,itstillrunswell.•汽车虽然很旧,但跑起来仍然不错。•Nomatterhowhardhetried,hecouldn’tgethertochangehermind.不管他怎样努力劝说,也没能使她改变主意。•目的状语从句•目的状语从句常由that,sothat,inorderthat,lest(以免,以防),forfearthat等引导,放在主句之后。目的状语从句常用情态动词may(might),can(could)等。lest,forfearthat后面常用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气。•Wepraythathemayrecoversoon.•我们祈求他早日康复。•结果状语从句•结果状语从句由sothat,so...that,suchthat,such...that等词引导。•Manycontestantslaterfaileddrugtests,sothattheracehadtobererun.许多参赛者后来都没有通过药检,赛跑只得重新进行。•Thenatureofthejobwassuchthathefeltobligedtotellnooneaboutit.这种工作的性质就是如此,他觉得只好秘而不宣了。•方式状语从句•方式状语从句由as,justas,asif,asthough等...