Unit1PartIIReadingtaskComprehensionPossibleanswerstocontentquestions1.Itreferstotheraw,bitter,bleakRussianwinter.2.HeexpectedtheconquestofRussiainfiveweeks.3.Insteadoffighting,theyretreatedeastward,burningtheircropsandhomesastheywent.TheylettheRussianwinterfightthewarforthemwhiletheybidedtheirtime.4.NapoleondiscoveredthattheoccupationofthecitywasanemptyvictorybecausetheRussiansfledtheircapitalleavinghimalmostnothingatall.5.TheysufferedheavylossesasaresultoftheextremecoldandtheRussians'hit-and-runattacks.6.Napoleonabdicatedandwentintoexile.7.HitlerbeganhisinvasionoftheSovietUniononJune22,1941withoutadeclarationofwar.Heexpectedthecampaigntolastnolongerthanthreemonthsbyusingtheso-called"lightningwar"tactics.8.No,hewasn't.HeinstructedtheRussianpeopleto"scorchtheearth"infrontoftheGermaninvaders.9.ThepeopleofLeningradrefusedtosurrenderandputupaheroic,stiffresistance.10.Anearly,severe,coldwinter,toalargeextent,sloweddowntheGermanadvanceonMoscow.11.ThelossofthebattleforStalingradturnedthetideagainstHitler.TheGermanvictorieswereover.12.Theauthorconcludesthattheelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.TextOrganization1.PartsParagraphsMainIdeasPartOneParas1-2Introduction—BothNapoleon'sandHitler'smilitarycampaignsfailedbecauseoftheseverityoftheRussianwinter.PartTwoParas3-11Napoleon'smilitarycampaignagainstRussiaPartThreeParas12-20Hitler'smilitarycampaignagainsttheSovietUnion.PartFourPara21Conclusion—Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.2.SectionsParagraphsMainIdeasSectionOneParas12-13Hitler'sblitzkriegagainstRussiaandStalin'sscorched-earthpolicy.SectionTwoParas14-18ThebattlesfoughtatLeningrad,MoscowandStalingrad.SectionThreeParas19-20TheRussiancounter-offensiveandtheoutcomeofthewar.LanguageSenseEnhancement1.1)thefierceresistance2)thelongmarch3)thedevastatingenemy4)bleak5)launched6)militarymight7)moweddown8)campaign9)apainfullesson10)theaidVocabularyI.1.1)alliance2)atthecostof3)stroke4)limp5)minus6)regions7)declarations8)siege9)raw10)bidehistime11)havetakentheirtoll12)inthecaseof2.1)isfacedwith2)getboggeddown3)ispressingon/pressedon4)dragon5)getby6)dineout7)havecutback8)getthrough3.1)Therapidadvanceingenetherapymayleadtotheconquestofcancerinthenearfuture.2)Productioninmanyfactorieshasbeenbroughttoahaltbythedelayedarrivalofrawmaterialsduetothedockworkers'strike.3)Sarahasmadeuphermindthatherleisureinterestswill/shouldnevergetinthewayofhercareer.4)Obviouslythereporter'squestioncaughttheforeignministeroffguard.5)Theintroductionoftheelectroniccalculatorhasrenderedtheslideruleoutofdate/obsolete.4.1)Beingfacedwithanenemyforcesmuchsuperiortoours,wehadtogiveuptheoccupationofbigcitiesandretreattotheruralandmountainousregionstobuildupourbase.2)Unityiscrucialtotheefficientoperationofanorganization.Failuretoreckonwiththisproblemwillweakenitsstrength.Inmanycases,workmaybebroughttoahaltbyconstantinternalstruggleinanorganization.3)TheRedArmyfoughtaheroicbattleatStalingradandwonthedecisivevictoryagainsttheGermans.Infact,thisbattleturnedthetideintheSecondWorldWar.Duringthisfamousbattle,theSoviettroopswithstoodtheGermansiegeandweakenedtheGermanarmybylaunchingaseriesofcounterattacks.II.1DuringtheFirstWorldWar,battlesoccurredhereandthereovervastareas.SomeofthemostdramaticfightingtookplaceinthegloomytrenchesofFranceandBelgium.2Elizabethmadecarefulpreparationsforthei...
