你还记得分数的加法与减法法则吗?仿照分数加减法法则,请同学们完成下列题目:13(1) xx+=245(2) xyxyxy++=4x11xy你回答对了吗?类似于分数的加法和减法法则,我们得到分式的加法和减法法则:同分母的分式相加减,分母不变,把分子相加减。同分母的分式相加减,分母不变,把分子相加减。例解( )( )2224381 2 2332xyaaxyxyaa+++计算:-----( )221xyxyxy =++-22xyxy+-()()xyxyxy+=+-xy= -( )24382 2332aaaa+=----22343823aaaa-----() ()2 - 4 - 382 -3aaa-=243823aaa--+-=423aa-+=-(4)23aa--=-423aa-=--一定要注意符号哟!( )( )1332 -11 2-32 32yyaaxxaa++++、计算:( )( )2232 --21 2--44---bbx zzyaax yy x+、计算:你一定行!同分母的分式相加减,分母不变,把分子相加减。同分母的分式相加减,分母不变,把分子相加减。类似于异分母的分数加减法,我们得出:异分母的分式相加减,先把它们通分,然后再加减。异分母的分式相加减,先把它们通分,然后再加减。经过通分,把异分母分式的加减法转化为同分母分式的加减法了。例解( )( )211-1 22635aba babbcabb+++计算:( ) 111 26abbc+366caabcabc=+36acabc+=( )2-235aba babb+ +225 ()3()1515b abababab+-=+222553315abbaabab++-=22232515aabbab++=怎么通分?你还记得吗?( )( )12111 2 yxrrxy+计算:-( )211212121212111rrrrrrr rr rr r++=+=( )22222 yxyxyxxyxyxyxy==---例解( )( )22111- 21-1-yxyxxxyyx+++计算:( )111-1-1xx=+-11-(1)( -1) (1)( -1)xxxxxx+++()( -1)-1(1)( -1)xxxx+=+22-1x=( )222-yxyxyyx+=+( - )()yxyxyy xyx+++(()-- )x yyxyxyxy=++( - )-( - )() ( - )()y x yxyx y xyx y xy=++( - )-( - )()y x yxyx y xy=+2-( - )(-)yxxyyx y xy=+2()-- )(yx y xy=+2()-- )(yx y xy=+各分母先分解因式,容易找最简公分母( )( )224211- 2-- 22-mxxmn mn++计算:( )2422121-- 22- 4xxxx++ =( )222212----mnmn mnmn=+P68 A 组 T1T2