英国现代风景园林---以苏格兰议会大厦外部园林设计为例British Modern Landscape Architecture---Taking The Scottish Parliament Landscape Design As An Example摘要: 随着风景园林事业的快速发展,西方的一些设计作品越来越多的呈现在中国的视野中和土地上,如何进行理性的分析和借鉴,必须建立在对其发展的过程脉络的了解和认识上。因此本文试图对英国现代风景园林的设计思想的发展脉络进行梳理,并以苏格兰议会大厦的外部园林设计为例进行说明。希望能为国内风景园林的发展借鉴国外经验提供必要的理论基础。关键词:风景园林;英国现代风景园林;继承与发展;苏格兰议会大厦外部园林设计ABSTRACT/ With the rapid development of the cause of landscape architecture, more and more western design works are presented in the view of Chinese. How to analyse and learn rationally from British modern landscape architecture must be based on the understanding of its development process .So the paper tries to figure out the development of British modern landscape architecture design, and take Scottish parliament landscape as an example to explain. Hope to provide the necessary theoretical basis on how to learn experience abroad in the development of domestic landscape architecture .KEY WORDS/ Landscape architecture;the British modern landscape architecture;inheritance and development;the Scottish parliament landscape一. 英国风景式造园英国风景园一反意大利文艺复兴园林和法国巴洛克园林传统,以起伏开阔的草地、自然曲折的湖岸、成片成丛自然生长的树木为要素构成了一种新的园林。在十八世纪的英国,英国风景画界呈现出生机勃勃的景象。这些画家们喜欢空旷的原野沼泽,厌恶树篱壕沟,他们描绘的是自由自在生长的树木和随心所欲流淌的河水。其次,在文学方面,从对自然美得憧憬萌生了田园文学,涌现了田园诗人。这样,十七、十八世纪,绘画与文学两种艺术中热衷自然的倾向为十八世纪英国自然式风景园的产生奠定了基础。其后,一些著名的造园家们便开始他们的改造事业。其中,风景士造园家的鼻祖为斯威特则,肯特和布朗更是风景派的一代宗师。肯特的座右铭为:自然讨...