早期和中世纪的英国文学♦GeoffreyChaucerii1.简介：GeoffreyChauceristhefounderofEnglishpoetryandaforerunnerofhumanism.HewasregardedasthefounderofEnglishrealism.代表作：TroilusandCriseyde《特洛伊斯洛与克瑞西达》（改变于意大利）；TheCanterburyTales《坎特伯雷故事集》（包括：“ThePrologue”《总序》；“TheWifeofBath”《巴斯妇人》）•TheCanterburyTales 《 坎 特 伯 雷 故 事 集 》 的 影 响 ： ① Itshowsatrue-to-lifepictureofChaucer'stime.（之所以说乔叟是 Thefounderofrealism，是因为早期英国文学歌颂英雄（Anglo-Saxonpoetry），中期英国文学歌颂骑士精神（TheRomance），之后虽然有了 pierstheplowman,也不曾直接写社会不公，直到乔叟真实描写中世纪及各层人民。）② Takingfromthestandofrisingbourgeoisie,ChauceraffirmsmenandopposesthedogmaofasceticismpreachedbytheChurch.③Histalesexposeandsatirizetheevilsofhistime,attackdegenerationofthenoble,thecorruptionoftheChurch.2.语言特色/贡献：①HeisthefirstgreatpoetwhowroteintheEnglishlanguage.②HeintroducedfromFrancetherhymedstanzaofvarioustypes,especiallytheHeroiccouplettoEnglishpoetry.③Heisgoodattheterzarima,whichmakeshislanguageahighstyle.二、英国文艺复兴♦ThomasMoreii1.简介：ThomasMoreisanEnglishhumanismchurchman.代表作：Utopia《乌托邦》。2.评价：①Moredaredtofightagainstthefeudalismrulerandhewasahumanist.②But,hewasnorevolutionaryinthesenseofwishingtoarousethepeopleortostartanyrevolutionarymovement.③Thesystemofbondsmensuggestedtosolvetheproblemofsocialproductivitystillremainsthefeaturesofclassexploitation.④Hecouldneverfindthemeansbywhichsocialismcouldberealized.♦FrancisBacon1.简介：HeisthefounderofEnglishmaterialistphilosophy,thefirstEnglishessayistandthefounderofEnglishModernScience.Heistheonewhointroducedessay,theliteraryform,toEngland.代表作：AdvancementofLearning《学问的演进》；NewInstrument《新工具》；TheEssays《随笔》（58 篇）“OfStudies"《论学习》；“OfBeauty"《论美》；“OfWisdomforaMan'sSelf”《论自私》。•“OfStudies"《论学习》：Itsmessageisconveyedwithsweepingeffectandoverwhelmingpower,whichlieintheunityofthem...
