- 1 - 关于直接引语和间接引语的语法总结 一、 定义： 直接引语：原封不动地引述别人的话。 间接引语：说话人站在自己立场上来转述别人的话。 二、 特点： 直接引语：在直接引语之前后要加上引号（‘ ’或“ ”）。 例如：1、She said,’ I have lived in London for years’. 2、Bill said,’ I’m hungry.’ 间接引语：由于时间和空间的立脚点不同，在转述时要把别人的原话作某些改动。 这些改动主要有： 1） 如主句的谓语动词为过去时态，间接引语中的谓语动词一般按下列规律 变动： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 现般过去将来时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 一般过去时 （多数变为）过去完成时 例如：1、” She’s preparing her lessons,” I said.(direct speech) I said (that) she was preparing her lesson.(indirect speech) 2、I said to them,” He’ll get excited.” I told them (that) he would get excited. 3、He said to me,” Jane spent all her time doing that.” He told me (that) Jane had spent all her time doing that. [注意] 1、直接引语中的谓语动词为一般过去时，如与一个具体的表示过去的时间（如 in 1992, last week 等）连用，在变为间接引语时可以不变。如： My father said to me,” I read the book in 1986.” My father told me he read the book in 1986. [注意] 2、直接引语表达的意思是客观趔时，在变为间接引语时可不变。如： The teacher said to us,” Light travels faster than sound.” The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 2） 代词要根据句中的意义作相应的变动。如 “ I haven’t brought my dictionary,” the student said. The student said (that) he hadn’t brought his dictionary. [注意] This, these 相应地改为 that, those. 3） 状语一般须作出下列变动： - 2 - 直接引语 间接引语 now then ago before today that day this morning that morning yesterday the day before yesterday morning the morning before tomorrow the next day, the following d...
