英语中句子成分 1 主语 主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”一般由名词、代词、不定式,动名词或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。 We study in No.1 Middle School.(讲述“谁”~) 我们在一中学习。 To teach them English is my job. (不定式作主语) 教他们英语是我的工作。 注意 不定式作主语时,常用形式主语it 句型,因此左例可变为It is my job to teach them English. (真正的主语是to teach them English.) 练习:找出下列句子的主语。 The car is running fast.(名词) We are students.(代词) 1. One of my classmates is from Shanghai.(数词) To spit in public is bad manner.(不定式) Eating too much is bad for your health.(动名词) 2 谓语 说明主语“做什么”,“是什么”或“怎么样”。 谓语(谓语部分里主要的词) 必须用动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。 His Parents are doctors. (系动词和表语一起作谓语) 他的父母亲是医生。 She looks well.(系动词和表语一起作谓语) 她看起来气色(面色)很好。 We study hard.(实义动词作谓语) 我们努力学习。 We have finished reading the book. (助动词和实义动词一起作谓语) 我们已经看完了这本书。 He can speak English. (情态动词和实义动词作谓语)他会说英语 注意:谓语与主语在人称与数方面要相互照应。. 练习找出下列句子的谓语 He works in a factory.(实义动词) I felt cold.(系动词+表语) How can I get to the station? (情态动词+实义动词) Do you speak English? (助动词+实义动词) They are working in a field.(助动词+实义动词) 3 表语 表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。常用的连系动词有:be, look, get, sound(听起来), feel, become, smell, turn, taste(尝起来)等。 You look younger than before.(形容词作表语) 你看起来比以前年轻。 I am a teacher.(名词作表语) 我是个老师。 Everybody is here.(副...