医学翻译与技巧VIP免费

目录•翻译原则：顺序变序分译合译•模糊语•医学词汇：西医词汇中医词汇顺序：保留原文顺序(多用于翻译单一主语的汉语长句)1.近年来，由于医疗技术的进步，人即使在受到严重损伤的情况下依然有可能无限期地活下去，这使得围绕安乐死是否道德的争论进一步加剧了。Inrecentyears,thankstotheprogressinmedicine,humanscanstillstayaliveindefinitelyevenifseriouslyinjured,whichhasrenderedthedebatehotteraboutwhethereuthanasiaisethical.2.这些诊所可以为老年人提供访视护士和其他家庭卫生服务，公共卫生诊所还可以为毒品成瘾者或酒精成瘾者提供康复治疗。Theclinicsmayprovidevisitingnurseandotherhomehealthcareservicesfortheelderly.Publichealthclinicsmayalsoofferrehabilitationprogramsforpeopleaddictedtodrugsoralcohol.变序：对原句进行重组(要求打乱原句语序进行重组才能翻译出地道的英语)为了能够在污染程度超过安全指标时建立并实行污染限度、为民众提出建议，公共卫生官员可以与污染控制机构进行合作。Publichealthofficialsmayworkinconjunctionwithpollutioncontrolorganizationstoestablishandenforcepollutionlimitsandadvisethegeneralpopulationwhenpollutionlevelsexceedsafelimits.分译：对原句进行切分(多用于翻译多个主语的汉语长句)急性严重呼吸综合症是一种病因不明的呼吸系统疾病，由于它与菌株引起的典型性肺炎不同，因而也被称为非典型性肺炎。Severeacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS)isarespiratoryillnessofunknowncause.Itisalsoknownasatypicalpneumoniaasitisdifferentfromthetypicalpneumoniacausedbybacteriastrains.合译：翻译时将零碎的散句组成一个整句（多用于英译汉）1.Since80%ofthemedicalresourcesinChinaconcentrateinbigcitiesandlargehospitals,thereisagraveshortageofmedicalresourcesinruralareas,asevidencedbypoorconditions,insufficientequipmentandlowlevelofhealthcare.Therehasbeennoradicalreversalofthelackofphysiciansandmedicinesinruralareas.我国的医疗卫生资源80%集中在城市和大医院，农村医疗卫生资源严重不足，条件差、设备少、水平低，农村缺医少药的局面还没有根本扭转。2.Statisticssuggestthatofthehealthcarestaffintheruraltownshiphospitals,only1.6percentareuniversitygraduates;16.9%aregraduatesofjuniorcolleges;59.9%aregraduatesofsecondaryvocationalschools,and21.6%havenoformalschooling.Obviously,thisstaffisinadequatetoundertakethearduoustaskofhealthcareservicesinthecountryside.据统计，目前农村乡镇卫生院人员中，本科毕业生仅占1.6%，大专生16.9%，中专生59.9%，有21.6%的卫生人员没有任何学历，难以承担繁重的医疗卫生服务任务。模糊语（vagueness）医务工作者的交际对象——病人是一个特殊的群体，患者心理上往往比较脆弱，对某些问题心存忌讳，在同他们交流的过程中，若适当地使用模糊语，既尊重患者，又能获得患者的尊重。例：1.在涉及到排泄物或性行为等禁忌语时：Numberone（一号）代替piss（小便）；Numbertwo（二号）代替dung（大便）；Communicate（交流）代替intercourse（性交）2.在作出某些论断时：使用generallyspeaking,ingeneral,likely,may,might等模糊性词语，使论断留有余地，提高严谨性。3.在陈述某一观点时：使用accordingto…,Itissaid/reportedthat…等模糊句式，表明其观点有据可查，强调了结论的可信性。西医词汇•out-patientdepartment门诊部•In-patientdepartment住院部•Nursingdepartment护理部•Emergencyroom急诊室•directorofthehospital院长•attendingdoctor主治医师•hearttransplantation心脏移植•terminaldisease绝症•diagnosis诊断•Skin-test皮肤试验•bloodtransfusion输血•artificialrespiration人工呼吸•Departmentofinternalmedicine内科•Departmentofsurgery外科中医词汇•中医学traditionalChinesemedicine•中风apoplexy•伤寒coldpathogenicdisease•中暑heatstrokeandsunstroke•盗汗nightsweating•惊风infantileconvulsion•沙眼trachoma•穴位acupuncturepoint•刮痧疗法skinscrapingtherapywithwater,liquororvegetableoil•针灸acupuncture•推拿medicalmassage•切脉feelingthepulse•偏方folkprescription•中草药Chinesemedicinalherbs