英语被动语态的用法

学习好资料欢迎下载被动语态使用中的特殊情况及注意点一. 被动句的使用场合一个句子， 到底使用主动语态还是被动语态，这和说话人的意图紧密相关。以下场合通常使用被动语态。A）说话人强调的是动作的承受者，或者是事件本身。而说话者认为不必或不想提及动作的发出者。如： The bridge was built in 1929. Hundreds of passengers were killed in the accident. Eight hours every day for sleep must be guaranteed.( 确保 ) B）由于不知道动作的发出者是谁。如： This book was published in the 16th century. They were told not to enter the house. C) 为了强调动作的发出者，若用主动态，让它出现在主语位置上不如用带by—词组的被动态突出。如： Who invented the telephone? It was invented by Bell( 贝儿 ) How was the glass broken? It was broken by Tom. D) 有时为了避免中途变换主语，或是使上下文紧密衔接而采用被动语态。如： John beat Tom and was punished by the teacher.（避免变换主语）He visited China's northeastern provinces in 1935. Those provinces were controlled by the Japanese invaders.(使上下文联系紧密) 二．不能用于被动语态的情况1）某些表示 “静态 ”的及物动词 （表示状态而不是动作，而且常常是不可用于进行时态的动词）如 have，fit ，suit，hold（容纳），cost， suffer，last（持续）等不能用于被动语态。如：They have a nice car．他们有一辆漂亮的汽车。My shoes don't fit me ．我的鞋不合适。My brain can't hold so much information at one time．我的脑子一下子记不住这么多资料。How much ／What does it cost？这值多少钱？Our holiday lasts 10days ．我们的假期有十天。This food will last （them）（for）3days．这食物足够（他们） （吃）三天。2）不是所有带介词的动词都能用于被动结构。若是构成成语动词通常有被动态，若不构成成语动词则无被动态。试比较：They arrived at a decision ．．他们作出了决定。They arrived at the station ．他们到达车站。 （不说： The station was arrived at ．）He looked into the question ．．他调查了这个问题。学习好资料欢迎下载3）动词 leave（离开），enter（进...