虚拟语气用法学案VIP专享

Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气英语的动词有三种语气形式，即陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气 。陈述语气用来说明事实或就事实提出询问，可用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中；祈使语气用于表示请求、命令、建议或警告等。He is honest. 他很诚实。 （陈述语气）Don‘t be late next time. 下次别迟到。 （祈使语气）虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达假设、主观愿望、猜测、建议、可能或空想等非真实情况。If I were you ，I would not go. 我要是你，我就不会去。（虚拟语气）一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。例如：If he doesn't hurry up,he will miss the bus.如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。 ( 真实) If there were no air,people would die.如果没有空气，人就会死亡。（不可能没有空气。非真实，虚拟语气，与事实相反）条件从句If 从句主句与现在事实相反did / were would/could/should/might +V.(原) 与过去事实相反had done would/could/should/might+have+p.p. 与将来事实相反1. did / were 2. should do 3. were to do would/could/should/might + V.(原) （一）表示与现在事实相反的情况从句： If+主语 +过去时 (Be 动词用 were) 主句：主语 + should/would/might/could+do：1．If I were you,I would take an umbrella.（事实：我不可能是你）2．If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码， 我就会告诉你。 （事实：我不知道他的电话号码）（二）表示与过去事实相反的情况从句： If+主语 +had+done 主句：主语 +should/would/might/could+have done1． If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）2．If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话）（三）表示对将来情况的主观推测从句：① if+ 主语 +were to do （if 表示未来的虚拟语气独有形式，其他如wish ， even if 等词都没有该形式来表示未来的虚拟语气）②if+ 主语 +should+do ③if+ 主语 +过去式（ be 动词用...