被动语态专题 定义语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 被动语态的构成：助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词 被动语态的时态：“主动语态变被动语态，时态不变动”，即助动词 be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。请看下表：时态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时现在完成时含情态动词被动结构am/is/are+过去分词was/were+过去分词will/shall be+过去分词am/is/are being+过去分词have/has been+过去分词can/may/must... be+过去分词 主动语态变被动语态的方法第一步：先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其中的谓语动词。第二步：把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，变宾格为主格。第三步：把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词 be +及物动词的过去分词”， 时态不变。第四步：把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词 by 的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时，“by+宾语”在句中常省略。)，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。请对比下面的主动句和被动句：主动语态：They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China.被动语态：Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by themin the southeast of China.随堂演练（把下列句型改为被动句）1.Bruce writes a letter every week.→2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→3.We grow trees every spring.→4.My mother cleans our room every morning.→补充：①S + V +IO +DO 双宾语的结构变为被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。若将直接宾语变为主语，需根据习惯在原间宾语前加上介词 to 或for 。用 to 的常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, bring …….用 for 的常见词有：design, choose, sing, buy, get, cook ……1. Mary gave him some books.He was given some books by Mary.Some books were given to him by Mary.2. Her father bought her a new bike.She was bought a new bike by her father.A new bike was bought for her by her father.随堂演练：（1）He gave me a book.→____________________________________(间接宾语作主语)→_______________________...
