Lesson one 1. Virtue is, indeed must be, self-centered.(para4) 正确的行动是，确实也必须是以自我为中心的。 By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest. 2. The essentials are familiar: the poverty of the poor was the fault of the poor. And it was because it was product of their excessive fecundity… ..(para5) 他的基本观点为人熟知：穷人的贫穷是他们咎由自取，贫穷是热门过度生育的结果 The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children. 3. Poverty being caused in the bed meant that the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration. (para6) 贫穷源于过度生育意味着富人不应该为产生贫穷和解决贫穷承担责任 The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem. 4. It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God(para8) 这是自然规律和上帝的意志在起作用。 It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature or to human society. 5. It declined in popularity, and reference to it acquired a condemnatory tone.(para9) 然而在 20 世纪，人们认为社会学中的达尔文进化论有点过于残酷，遭到了普遍的质疑，人们提及它都带有谴责的口吻。 People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism. 6. In recent years, however, it has become clear that the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it was only suspended.(para11) 然而，最近几年，很显然我们又在试图寻求不为穷人的存在而内疚的办法．这种尝试并没有结束， 而只是曾经中断过一段时间。 The desire to find a way to justify the unconcer...
