口译速记符号整理(笔记符号整理)VIP免费

口译笔记速记符号：（1）Note-takingsymbolsandabbreviationsforreference:AbbreviationsinNotetaking:Useonlytheabbreviationsthatfittheneeds.S=sumf=frequencyLeaveoutperiodsinstandardabbreviations.cf=comparee.g.=exampledept=departmentUseonlythefirstsyllableofaword.pol=politicsdem=democracylib=liberalcap=capitalismUseentirefirstsyllableandonly1stletterof2ndsyllable.pres=presentationsubj=subjectind=individualcons=conservativeEliminatefinalletters.Usejustenoughofthewordtoformarecognizableabbreviation.assoc=associatebiol=biologyinfo=informationach=achievementchem=chemistrymax=maximumintro=introductionconc=concentrationmin=minimum第1页共9页rep=repetitionOmitvowels,retainonlyenoughconsonantstogivearecognizableskeletonoftheword.ppd=preparedprblm=problemestmt=estimatebkgd=backgroundgvt=governmentUseanapostropheinplaceofletters.am't=amountcont'd=continuedgov't=governmenteducat'l=educationalFormthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyadding“s”.chpts=chaptersegs=examplesfs=frequenciesintros=introductionsUse“g”torepresentingendings.ckg=checkingestg=establishingdecrg=decreasingexptg=experimentingSpelloutshortwordssuchasin,at,to,but,for,andkey.Abbreviationsorsymbolsforshortwordswillmakethenotestoodensewithshorthand.Leaveoutunimportantwords.Leaveoutthewordsaandthe.Ifaterm,phrase,ornameiswrittenoutinfullduringthelecture,substituteinitialswhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisusedagain.Forexample,Centerfor第2页共9页AerospaceSciencesbecomesCASthereafter.Usesymbolsforcommonlyrecurringconnectiveortransitionalwords.&=andw/=withw/o=withoutvs=against\=therefore==isorequalUsetechnicalsymbolswhereapplicable.zb=German,forexampleibid=Latin,thesameworko=degreesH2O=waterMorereference:Usestandardmaths,accounting,andsciencesymbols.Examples:+plus//parallelUsestandardabbreviationsandleaveoutfullstops.Examples:egexampleITdeptInformationTechnologydepartmentUKUnitedKingdomUseonlythefirstsyllableofaword.Examples:marmarketingcuscustomercliclientUsetheentirefirstsyllableandthefirstletterofthesecondsyllable.Examples:subjsubjectbudgbudgetindindividualTodistinguishamongvariousformsofthesameword,usethefirstsyllableof第3页共9页theword,anapostrophe,andtheendingoftheword.Examples:tech'gytechnologygen'iongeneralisationdel'ydeliveryUsejustenoughofthebeginningofawordtoformarecognisableabbreviation.Examples:assocassociatedachachievementinfoinformationOmitvowelsfromthemiddleofwords,retainingonlyenoughconsonantstoprovidearecognisableskeletonoftheword.Examples:bkgdbackgroundmvmtmovementprblmproblemFormthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyadding's.'Examples:custscustomersfsfrequencies/sratiosUse'g'torepresent'ing'endings.Examples:decrgdecreasingckgcheckingestblgestablishingSpellout,ratherthanabbreviateshortwords.Examples:inbutaskeyLeaveoutunimportantverbs.Examples:iswas第4页共9页wereLeaveoutunnecessaryarticles.Examples:aantheIfaterm,phrase,ornameisinitiallywrittenoutinfullduringthetalkormeeting,initialscanbesubstitutedwhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisusedagain.Example:JanuaryAdvertisingCampaignBudgetJACBUsesymbolsforcommonconnectiveortransitionwords.Examples:@at2to4for&andw/withw/owithoutvsagainstCreateyourownsetofabbreviationsandsymbols.Youmaywishtodevelopseparatesetsofsymbolsandabbreviationsfordifferentcoursesorsubjects.OtherSymbolsandAbbreviationsasaresultof/consequencesof<--->resultingin--->and/also+equalto/sameas=followingffmostimpo...