第二章 各类有机化合物的命名-习题解答 一、脂肪烃的命名 1、写出下列化合物的结构式: (1)2,3-二甲基戊烷 CH3CH CHCH2CH3CH3 CH3(2)2-甲基-3-异丙基己烷 CH3 CH(CH3)2CH3CH CHCH2CH2CH3(3)2,4-二甲基-4-乙基庚烷 CH3CH3CH3CHCH2CCH2CH2CH3CH2CH3(4)新戊烷 CH3CH3CH3 C CH3(5)甲基乙基异丙基甲烷 CH3CH3CH2 CH CH(CH3)2(6)2,3-二甲基-1-丁烯 CH3CH3CH2 C CHCH3(7)2-甲基-2-丁烯 CH3CH3C CHCH3(8)反-4-甲基-2-戊烯 CH3CH3C CHHCHCH3(9)反-1,6-二溴-3-己烯 C CHHBrCH2CH2CH2CH2Br(10)(Z)-2-戊烯 CH3CH2CH3C CHH (11)(E)-3,4-二甲基-3-庚烯 CH3CH3CH2CH3C CCH3CH2CH2(12)2-甲基-3-乙基-1,3-丁二烯 CH2CH3CH2 C C CH2H3C(13)(2Z,4Z)-3,4,5-三甲基-2,4-庚二烯 CH3CH3CH2CH3HC CC CCH3CH3(14)2-庚炔 CH3C CCH2CH2CH2CH3(15)2,4-辛二炔 CH3C C C CCH2CH2CH3(16)2,2,5,5-四甲基-3-己炔 CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3 C C C C CH3(17)(E)-6-甲基-4-乙基-5-辛烯-2-炔 CH3CH2CH3HC CCH3C CCHCH2CH3(18)乙烯基 CH2 CH(19)烯丙基 CH2 CH CH2(20)丙烯基 CH CH CH3 2、用IUPAC命名法命名下列化合物: (1) CH3CH3CH3CH2CHCH2CH2CH23-甲基庚烷 (2) (CH3)2CHCH2CH2CH(CH2CH3)22-甲基-5-乙基庚烷 (3) CH2CH3CH2CH3CH3CHCH2CHCHCH3CH2CH33,6二-甲基-4-乙基辛烷 (4) CH3CH2CCH2CH2CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3Br4-乙基-4-溴辛烷 (5) CH3CHCH2CHCH2CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3CH2CHCH2CH3C2,2,3,7-四甲基-5-乙基壬烷 (6) 2,3-二甲基庚烷 (7) 2,2,4-三甲基戊烷 (8) HH3CC CCH3(CH3)3C(E)-3,4,4-三甲基-2-戊烯 (9) CH3CH3CH2CHCH2C CCH3CH3CH2CH2CH2CH33,5-二甲基-3-正丁基-2-庚烯 (10) CH3C CBrCH3CH2Cl(Z)-2-氯-3-溴-2-戊烯 (11) (Z)-2-戊烯 (12) (E)-3,7-二甲基-1,6-壬二烯 (13) ClCH3CH2C CCHCH32-氯-3-己炔 (14) CH3C C C CHCH2CH3 CH CH24-乙烯基-4-庚烯-2-炔 (15) CH3HC C(CH3)2CHCHC CHH(Z)-3,6-二甲基-4-庚烯-1-炔 (16) (E)-1,3,5-己三烯 (17) (CH3)3CC CC CC(CH3)32,2,7,7-四甲基-3,5-辛二炔 二、脂环烃的命名 1、写出下列化合物的结构式: (1)甲基环丙烷 CH3(2)顺-1,3-二甲基环戊烷 CH3HCH3H(3)2-环戊基戊烷 CH3CHCH2CH2CH3(4)反-1,2-二甲基环己烷 CH3HHCH3(5)反-1-甲基-3-乙基环己烷 ...