at billions of light-years from Earth the most distant observable objects in the universe, 第一章：句子结构(一划句子结构) 一、名词性从句： 一）主语从句：it may (well) be that + 主从; it be +adj./ed/n. + that + 主从; it seem/happen/appear + that + 主从 二） 宾语从句：动词型：that 不能省略/ 介词型：介词后只能接疑问词引导的宾语从句(除 in that, except that, but that) 三）表语从句：主语+be+that 从句/疑问词型从句 二、特殊结构： 一）强调：it is…that …; it is not until…that…;many n…..,if not most, do sth; n. is as…as…, if not more so. 二）倒装： 三）as 结构： Prep.: accept/ classify/ define/ describe/ know/ name/ refer to/ regard/ speak of/ state/ think/ think of/ view as n. Conj.: (just) as …, 主句; (just) as …, so主句; (just) as …, so too 主句(部分倒装); Pron.: 代替单主句 (e.g. indirect socialization also occurs, as when television shows reinforce stereotyped images) 四）同位结构：同位语，主语…（一定要一致） 解释：n.,n.; a n., n.; n., a n.; the n., n.; 内容具体化：抽象 n.(theory/ evidence/ belief/ principle/hypothesis) + that 从句 (that 不能省略);of 表示所属关系，强调部分概念。 概括：a n. (program/ information/ effort/ practice) that 修饰：n., n. that 从句 代词：n., one/ones + that 从句 五）独立主格：(with/each) + n./ ed/ ing/ adj.phrase/ prep.phrase （注意 each 后接单数 its 非 their） 六）省略结构：V.+that 两个句子并列，第一个含有 be 作为助动词或 become，第二个句子中的 be 或 become 必须省略。 七）否定结构： Is not A, but B; not A, but rather B; is A, rather than B; is A, not B. 八）时态 练习： 1. Ozone is formed in the atmosphere when hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight. 2. Quasars are believed to be the cores of galaxies in an early stage of development. 3. while some propose to combat ...
