一、名词表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。强调:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、alotof等词去作判断,以免受误导。1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”:a.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds;读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和元音后读[z]。ﻫb.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches;读音:[iz]。c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries;读音:[z]。ﻫd.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knives,thief-thieves;读音:[z]。ﻫe.以“o”结尾的词,分两种情况1)有生命的+es读音:[z]如:mango-mangoestomato-tomatoeshero-heroes2)无生命的+s读音:[z]如:photo-photosradio-radiosf.不规则名词复数:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japaneseﻫ2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量,就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。例如:aglassofwater,apieceofpaper,abottleofjuiceﻫ判断步骤:↗如是am、is或was→原形读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词↘如是are或were→加s或es练一练:ﻫ1、写出下列各词的复数。ﻫI_________him_________this_______her______watch_______mango_______child_______photo________diary______day________foot________dress________tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____thief_______engineer______peach______sandwich______man______woman_______leaf_______people精选________2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。ﻫ)1)Aretheretwo(box)onthetable?ﻫ)2)Icanseesome(people)inthecinema.ﻫ(3)Howmany(day)arethereinaweek?)4)Here’refive(bottle)of(juice)foryou.)5)This)violin)ishers.Those)grape)areoverthere.ﻫ二、冠词冠词是一种虚词,不能独立使用,通常放在名词的前面,分为“不定冠词”和“定冠词”两种。ﻫ1、不定冠词:a、an。用在单数名词前,表示“一个,一件……”。an用在以元音“音素”开头的单词前。如:ane-mail,anorange,anoldman,anEnglishwatch,anhour…2、定冠词:the。用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思,有时翻译为这、那。它的基本用法:ﻫ)1)用来表示特指某(些)人或某)些)事物。如:Themaponthewallisnew.(2)表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物。如:Lookatthepicture,please.)3)表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物。如:Thisisastamp.Thestampisbeautiful.ﻫ)4)用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如:thesun太阳themoon月亮theearth地球ﻫ)5)用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如:theGreatWall长城(6)用在江河、湖海等专有名词前。如:theChangjiangRiver长江ﻫ)7)此外,序数词、形容词最高级、乐器名称等词前面和一些习惯用语中一般都用定冠词the。如:thefirstday,thebestboy,playthepiano,inthesameclassﻫ确定用a、an还是the时可根据汉语意思。练一练:1、用a或an填空。ﻫ____“U”____ice-cream____goalkeeper____teapot____appleﻫ____office____Englishbook____umbrella____unit____hourﻫ2、根据需要,填写冠词a,an或the。)1)Whois____girlbehind____tree?)2)____oldmanhastwochildren,____sonand____daughter.ﻫ)3)Thisis____orange.____orangeisLucy’s.ﻫ(4)Helikesplaying____guitar.Wehave____same...