专题七主谓一致原则

专题七 主谓一致原则 1、语法一致原则是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上一致， 即通常情况下， 谓语动词的单复数形式依主语的单复数形式而定， 主语为单数形式时谓语动词用单数形式， 主语为复数形式时谓语动词也用复数形式。 例如： He is reading an English book. 他在看一本英语书。 人称与数（人称单复数）、具体例词、be的现在式、be的过去式、do的现在式 have的现在式、一般将来时、过去将来时、一般现在时中实义动词作谓语 （1）主语前、 后加修饰语时的主谓一致问题。主语的修饰语对主语和谓语之间的关系一般不起影响， 尤其在主语后接as well as, with, along with, together with, rather than, except, but, including, besides, in addition to, added to, like, rather than, more than, no less than等插入语时， 谓语仍须与主语本身保持一致。 例如： Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party. A woman with Mary is coming to the hospital. Nobody, except his most intimate friends, knows of it. （2）以“and”或“both... and... ”连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题。当主语是由“and”或“both... and...”连接的并列结构时， 如果该并列主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或事物， 谓语动词用复数形式； 如果该并列主语指的是“同一个”人或事物(常以and后的名词前没有冠词为标志)， 谓语动词需用单数形式。例如： What he says and what he does do not agree. The worker and writer has come. A needle and thread was found on the floor. Truth and honesty is the best policy. 注意： 对于由 and连接的并列主语， 前面有 each, every, many a, no等修饰时， 谓语动词通常仍要用单数形式。 例如： Each boy and each girl was congratulated. Every hour and every minute is important. Many a boy and many a girl has seen this painting. No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. No teacher and no student is admitted. ［考题1］ We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks ____ so small that a day is unimportant. (2007湖南) A. i...