大学英语四级复习知识点综合整理笔记一一、完型填空(一)做题技巧和步骤I.做题步骤:1.通读全文,了解文章大意;文章两种模式:总分、对比;2.初选答案(排除法、优选法);3.寻找线索;4.回头补缺;5.核实答案。II.出题重点:1.词语的辨析:同义词;2)反义词;3)形近词;形近词举例:Test2...ordownfrighteninghillsidestotowns__87__indeepvalleys.87.A)lyingB)layingC)laidD)lied注:说谎:lieliedliedlying躺:lielaylainlying放置,下蛋:laylaidlaidlaying2.逻辑关系:1)列举/种属关系:such…as;especially;inparticular;specifically;forexample;forinstance;likely;2)因果关系:because(for);dueto;owingto;thanksto;since;for;as;forthereasonthat;seeingthat;3)并列/递进:besides;likewise;moreover;also;too;what’smore;apartfrom;except;furthermore;notonly…butalso….;inaddition;4)转折/让步关系:however;but;nevertheless;nonetheless;whereas;still;though;although;anyhow;anyway;inanycase;yet;5)对比关系:bycontrast;incontrast;bycomparison;like;as…as;onthecontrary;conversely;oppositely;….than….;逻辑关系举例1:Test4Sometimeshomeworkisreturned76briefwrittencommentsbutwithoutagrade.76.A)byB)inC)forD)with逻辑关系举例2:Test2TheUnitedStatesiswell-knownforitsnetworkofmajorhighwaysdesignedtohelpadrivergetfromoneplacetoanotherintheshortestpossibletime.__71__thesewidemodernroadsaregenerally__72__andwellmaintained,with__73__sharpcurvesandmanystraight__74__,adirectrouteisnotalwaysthemost_75__one.71.A)AlthoughB)SinceC)BecauseD)Therefore72.A)stableB)splendidC)smoothD)complicated73.A)littleB)fewC)muchD)many74.A)selectionsB)separationsC)seriesD)sections75.A)terribleB)possibleC)enjoyableD)profitable3.固定结构的识别:提高阅读的速度、对于内容有合理的预期、有利于总体把握文章:either…or…;neither…nor…;too…to…;so…that…;not…until…;hardly…when…;nosooner…than…;notonly…butalso…固定结构举例:Test376geographybooksfocusonasmallarea77atownorcity.Othersdealwithastate,aregion,anation.Oran78continent.Manygeographybooksdealwiththewholeearth.Another79todividethestudyof80istodistinguishbetweenphysicalgeographyandculturalgeography.Theformerfocusesonthenaturalworld;the81startswithhumanbeingsand82howhumanbeingsandtheirenvironmentact83eachother.butwhengeographyisconsideredasasinglesubject,84branchcanneglecttheother.76.A)SomeB)ManyC)MostD)Few77.A)outsideB)exceptC)asD)like81.A)secondB)laterC)nextD)latter4.搭配:例如:a.+n.;ad.+v.;takeadvantageof….;makeuseof….等;5.动词用法:1)主谓一致;2)时态;3)语态;4)非谓语动词;6.介词用法:1)介词与名词;2)介词与动词;3)介词与形容词;二、阅读笔记1.大纲的要求:对主体细节推理以及态度题有所把握,对阅读速度的要求:每分钟70个单词。2.四级文章本身的特点:2.1结构:1)文科文章常有的一些结构A、现象解释型(文章一开始给出一个现象然后对现象进行解释,一般都会在第一段的末句是一个问句,段末是问号。就是要我们寻找回答,问题就是一个现象,我们就要寻找解释,来做主题。)解释即为文章的主题所在。常被考到的有:现象本身;解释;作者对解释的评价。理科文章解释主题常有两种方式:1)罗列式的2)用实验来解释主题文中加引号的词,表明该词在原文中有特定的含义,表达并非最表面的意思问题中出现了一开始就提到的现象时,答案通常针对文章主题。B、问题解决方案型(文章一开始给出一个问题,对问题给出一个解决方案。典型的文章:2001年6月的第一篇文章。问题—problem第一问题本身考一道题,第二造成问题的原因是,第三问题的解决方案是,第四作者对解决方案的态度,正评价还是副评价,肯定还是否定。思路比较固定,只要是解决方案一般都是不行的。)C、结论...