延续性动词与非延续性动词动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如:study, learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。延续性动词的用法很广,常见于现在完成时中的句子中,且常与 for,how,long,since 等引导的表示一段时间的状语或状语从句连用。表示时间段的短语有:+一段时间, eg: for 2 years; for a long time 等从句,since he came here; +时间点名词+ago, eg:since last year, since 5 days ago;4. how long;二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词或点动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy, move, happen, marry, arrive/reach, post, fall, break, lose, give, join, receive, hear, hear from, become 等。终止性动词又叫瞬间动词或点动词,瞬间动词的肯定句在一般情况下,不能与表示一段时间的状语或疑问词连用。但是在否定句中,瞬间动词也可以和表示一段时间的状语、连词连用,它的含义是好长时间没进行这个动作了,没进行此动作的状态就可以延续。可用于现在完成时态,但由于动作是瞬时间完成的所以不能与for 或 since 引出的时间状语连用。英语中常见的非延续性动词在完成时态中可改为相应的表示延续性的动词或短语,这时可与表示一段时间的的状语连用。这类 动词 不是不能用于 完成时态 。只是不能用于由 how long 提问的句子和含 有 for+ 一段时间的完成时态中 。常见的这类动词有: go, come, leave, arrive, lose, land, catch, join, kill, find 等。例如:1. He has joined the club for a long time. ( 错 )2. He has been a member of the club for a long time. ( 对 )3. His grandfather has died for over 30 years. ( 错 )4. His grandfather has been dead for over 30 years. ( 对 )【 注意 】之所以将这些动词称为瞬间动词,是因为这些动词在眨眼之间发生并终结。故不能与表达“段”的长时间状语连用,不论是在进行时还是现在完成时中。下面的例句是正确的:1. He is dying.2. He has die...