专四常见词汇辨析(10 页)Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。1、dominant predominant sovereign这些形容词均具有“占优势的，支配其他的”之意。dominant : 强调权威。The British were formerly dominant in India.（英国人从前统治印度。）predominant : 侧重指影响与新近的优势。The predominant feature of his character was pride.（他的性格中重要的特点是骄傲。）sovereign : 侧重指其他事物都附属于或低于它的。The Queen has sovereign power.（女王握有统治权。）2、disgrace humiliate shame dishonor这些动词均含“使丢脸、使受耻辱”之意。disgrace : 侧重在他人，尤其在众人面前丢脸。They have disgraced the whole school.（他们给整个学校都丢了脸。）humiliate : 强调受辱者自尊心的损坏。Parents are humiliated if their children behave badly when guests are present.（子女在客人面前举止失当, 父母也失体面。）shame : 指由不光彩或不道德的行为引起的羞愧感或羞耻感。The class's unruly behavior shamed the teacher.（这班学生不守规矩的行为使老师感到羞愧。）dishonor : 有时可与 disgrace 换用，但前者是指因失去荣誉所致。There’s no dishonor in losing.（失败并不是耻辱。）4、discern discriminate distinguish这些动词均有“区别、辨别”之意。discern : 语义较笼统，着重精深与精确的观测力，不一定有能辨别关系亲密的各项事物的含义。I soon discerned that the man was lying.（我很快便察觉出这个人是在撒谎。）discriminate : 语气强，指从十分相似的事物中辨出差异，尤其把好坏辨别开来。They can discriminate hundreds of colors.（他们能辨别上百种颜色。）distinguish : 一般用词，指辨别者的能力或实际观测到的区别，强调辨别所需的技巧。We can distinguish between gold and silver.（我们能辨别金和银。） 5、describe represent sketch picture这些动词均有“描写、描述”之意。describe : 侧重指描述细节，给读者或听众提供清晰的视觉图像。She described in detail their resisting the invaders.（她详细论述了他们抵御侵略者的事迹。）represent : 指有代表性或象征性地描述或讲述。The painting represents the scene of a bumper ...
