一．名词I. 名词的种类：专有名词一般名词国名.地名.人名，团体.机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词II. 名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式背面加-s 或-es。现将构成措施与读音规则列表如下：规则例词1一般状况在词尾加-smap-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词后加-esclass-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes3以-f 或-fe 结尾的词变-f 和-fe 为 v 再加-esleaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives加-sbelief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs4以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词，变 y 为 i 加-esparty-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities5以元音字母加 y 结尾的名词，或专有名词以y 结尾的，加-stoy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys6以辅音字母加-o 结尾的名词一般加-eshero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes不少外来词加-spiano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos两者皆可zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7以元音字母加-o 结尾的名词加-sradio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8以-th 结尾的名词加-struth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,2. 不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：规则例词1变化名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2单复数相似sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin, 3只有复数形式ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents4某些集体名词总是用作复数people, police, cattle, staff5部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（组员）audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party6复数形式表达尤其含义customs( 海 关 ), forces( 军 队 ), times( 时 代 ), spirits( 情 绪 ), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文献报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜),...
