小学教育-小学数学教学中估算意识的培养

I摘 要估算在日常生活与数学学习中有着十分广泛的应用，在教学中，教师要不失时机地培养学生的估算意识和初步的估算技能。以南平市某小学各年级的数学教师为研究对象，通过问卷调查的方式，对当前的小学数学估算教学现状方面展开调查。发现存在的问题有：不重视估算教学，估算意识较弱；掌握的估算方法较少，估算教学目标不明确；缺乏估算与精算的有机结合等。其主要原因为：教材编排上没有很好的体现估算；教师对估算教学理解不深且缺乏能借鉴的相应教学经验；精算教学思想影响了估算的教学等。针对估算教学中出现的问题，提出有效培养学生估算意识的建议：认真研读新课程标准；重视估算教学；坚持估算特殊的教学原则；实施有效估算教学的策略等。关键词：小 学 数 学 ； 估 算 意 识 ； 估 算 教 学 ； 估 算 策 略IIAbstractEstimation has a very wide range of applications in daily life and mathematical learning. In teaching, teachers should lose no time to cultivate students' estimation awareness and preliminary estimation skills. Taking the mathematics teachers of each grade in a primary school in nanping city as the research objects, this paper investigates the current situation of mathematics estimation teaching in primary schools through questionnaires. The existing problems are: do not pay attention to the teaching of estimation, the awareness of estimation is weak; There are few estimation methods and the teaching objectives of estimation are not clear. Lack of estimation and actuarial organic combination and so on.The main reasons are: the teaching materials are not well reflected in the estimation; Teachers do not have a deep understanding of estimation teaching and lack of relevant teaching experience; The thought of actuarial teaching affects the teaching of estimation. In view of the problems in the teaching of estimation, this paper puts forward some Suggestions on how to train students' awareness of estimation effectively....