摘 要橡胶材料作为工业中的生产材料具有高弹性、良好的粘性、防水性、延展性，随着橡胶制作工艺的日益完善，橡胶材料的优良性能大幅度的提升，但是，橡胶材料在日常生活、运输保存、工业使用中存在老化现象，老化后的橡胶材料的使用率、可靠性严重降低，甚至完全丧失，老化后的橡胶材料弹性、延展性、韧性也会降低，这些性能降低与橡胶材料老化后力学性能的改变有着密不可分的关系。本文研究的就是橡胶材料在高温老化后力学性能的改变情况。主要利用恒温水浴箱对制备好的橡胶试件进行高温老化，老化后的橡胶试件首先要进行粘贴应变片的工作，将粘片成功的橡胶试件用万能表测量电阻，两个应变片的电阻较为接近的焊接1m 左右的导线，接下来将没有问题的橡胶试件夹在万能材料试验机上，连接好应变仪后做单轴拉伸实验，实验后要保存实验数据，利用拟合的方法，对数据进行拟合分析，得出橡胶老化后力学性能的改变情况。当老化温度增加时，橡胶材料的弹性模量、泊松比、拉断伸长率等力学性能均出现了先降低后升高的情况，这些力学性能的改变跟分子内部结构的改变有着直接关系关键词：橡胶老化；弹性模量；泊松比；拉伸强度；单轴拉伸AbstractRubber material for industrial production of materials with high elasticity, good stickiness, water proofing property, ductility, with the increasingly improvement of rubber production technology, excellent properties of rubber materials greatly promoted, however, rubber materials, transportation, storage, industrial use in daily life in aging, aging of rubber material utilization, severe lower reliability, and even complete loss, after aging of rubber elasticity, ductility and toughness, and reduces the performance degradation and rubber aging after the change of the mechanical properties of the intimate relationship.This paper studies the mechanical properties of rubber material after high temperature aging.Main use of constant temperature water bath to heat aging, cutting good rubber specimen after aging of rubber specimen first must carry on the work, strain gages will stick piece of rubber ...
