摘 要汇率变动对一个国家经济的影响毋庸置疑。1949 年新中国成立以来，我国的汇率制度经历若干阶段，逐步由计划经济体制下的外汇管理体制过渡到以市场供求为基础的、单一的、有管理的浮动汇率制，人民币汇率不盯住单一美元形成更富弹性的人民币汇率机制。此后，人民币对美元汇率形成持续稳定上升趋势，这势必会给我国经济带来巨大影响，因此，各个学者对于人民币升值的现象与其带来的各种影响的讨论从未间断过。历年来，国外学者对于汇率升值对贸易的影响的讨论一直在进行，例如最经典的马歇尔，罗宾逊等在 20 世纪 20—30 年代提出的贸易收支弹性论等等，而近年来人民币汇率一直在升值的迹象对于中国出口贸易也有着深远的影响。由于人民币汇率升值，资企业的产品在出口贸易中相对缺乏竞争力，而外资企业对于汇率的反应更灵敏，可能使得外资企业出口占我国出口比重减小。对此我们应有积极应对的措施，例如政府可以扩大需，拉动经济增长，减少贸易顺差，维持国际收支平衡，消除人民币升值的不对称性；我国企业可以优化出口产品结构，制造自主品牌，寻找更多的贸易伙伴，开拓国际市场，以减少汇率升值对我国出口贸易的抑制作用。关键词：政策状况，经济现状，影响，方法ABSTRACTEffect of exchange rate changes on a country's economy is no doubt.Since the founding of new China in 1949, China's exchange rate system has gone through a number of stages, gradually transition from the foreign exchange management system under the planned economy system to the exchange rate system based on market supply and demand, single, managed floating,RMB exchange rate is not pegged to the US dollar, more flexible RMB exchange rate formation mechanism.Since then, the RMB to form a stable rise against the dollar, which will bring huge influence to our country economy,therefore, many scholars study the various effects of RMB appreciation of the phenomenon and the resulting has never been interrupted.Over the years, scholars at home and abroad to exchange rate appreciation of research has been on the influence of trade, such as the classic ...
