Unit 2 Robots Section Ⅲ Grammar——复习被动语态(Ⅰ)[思维导图][语法精讲]一、各种时态的被动语态1．概念与形式(1)概念：语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果句子的主语是动作的执行者时，则句子要用主动语态；如果句子的主语是动作的承受者时，则句子要用被动语态。(2)形式：被动语态的基本构成：be 的某种形式＋动词过去分词。如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词 by 引出。一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态中，助动词be 要随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。下面各种时态的被动语态的形式(以 do为例)时态 被动语态一般现在时am/is/are done现在进行时am/is/are being done现在完成时has/have been done一般过去时was/were done过去进行时was/were being done过去完成时had been done一般将来时shall/will be done过去将来时should/would be done时态 被动语态将来完成时shall/will have been done过去将来完成时should/would have been doneThe classroom is cleaned by us every day.教室每天都由我们打扫。The children are not allowed to play on the grass.孩子们不允许在草地上玩耍。After the accident, the injured were taken to hospital.事故发生之后受伤的人被送往医院急救。Check carefully, so any mistake will be caught.仔细检查一遍，把所有错误都找出来。The plan is being carried out successfully.这项计划正在被顺利地实施。The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.他们找寻的文件已找到了。[名师点津] (1)含情态动词的谓语动词的被动语态用“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”形式。如：Many trees should be planted in the mountains.应该在山上种上许多树。(2)现代英语特别是口语中常用“get＋过去分词”表示被动语态。When did the painting get damaged?这幅画什么时候被损坏的？2．意义与用法被动语态表示主语与谓语动词之间的被动关系。它主要用于以下几种情况。(1)强调动作的承受者时。Your plan is considered to be the best.你的计划被认为是最好的。(2)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。The old bridge was built many years ago.这座古桥是许多年前建造的。(3)动作的执行者是无生命...
