Unit 1 Building the future【难句·剖析·拓展】1. The severity of this catastrophe shocked Bob Geldof, an Irish musician who organized a charity concert called Live Aid to raise money for famine victims in Ethiopia. 这场灾难的严重性使爱尔兰音乐家鲍勃·格尔多夫感到震惊，他组织了一场名为“现场援助”的慈善音乐会，为埃塞俄比亚饥荒受害者募集资金。[剖析] 1）an Irish musician 是 Bob Geldof 的同位语，who 引导的是定语从句。 2）called Live Aid 是过去分词短语作定语，修饰 concert。 3）to raise money for famine victims in Ethiopia 是不定式短语作目的状语。[拓展] 分词短语作定语可以扩展成定语从句。2. There is a saying that goes ‘Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime.’ 有句俗语是这样说的：授人以鱼，三餐之需；授人以渔，终生之用。 [剖析] 1）that goes…是同位语从句，修饰 saying，表示内容。 2）谚语中前半部分 Give a man a fish 作条件状语。[拓展] 此种动词短语可以转换为 if 引导的条件状语从句。3. The pipes have oil or water inside them, which is either heated and sent to a storage tank until needed or used to boil water in a generator. 管道里面装有油或水，它们被加热后送到储存罐中以备使用，或者被用来煮沸发电机中的水。 [剖析] 1）which 引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰 oil or water。 2）either…or…是并列结构，连接并列谓语；or 后省略了 heated and。 [拓展] 在定语从句中先行词和从句常常被隔开。4. The introduction of programmes like these will hopefully help end the systematic destruction of the environment and see renewable energy promoted around the world. 这些项目的引进希望能有助于结束对环境的大规模破坏，有助于推动可再生能源在全世界的使用。 [剖析] 1）help 后面的动词可以省略 to; and 后面省略了 help。 2）promoted 作 see 的宾语补足语。[拓展] 过去分词表示被动的、完成的动作。
