一、动名词的功能及用法1．动名词(短语)作主语 动名词作主语可放在句首，谓语动词用单数，也 可用 it 代替主语，动名词作主语往往表示比较笼统 的、一般的或习惯性的动作。 Reading good books makes us happy. 读好书使我们快乐。 It was no use sending him to a hospital. 送他到医院没有用处。动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别：动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。It's no use crying over spilt milk. (抽象)覆水难收。He realized that to go on like this was no use. (具体)他意识到这样继续下去没有用。在实际运用中，一般可以互换，差异不大。但在下列 几种情况中不能互换： (1)当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不 定式时，主语也要用不定式。 Seeing is believing. To see is to believe.眼见为实。(2)动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式 主语 it，而将动名词或不定式放在后面。但是在下列句 型中，一般宜用动名词，不宜用不定式来代替。 It's no use doing ... It's no good doing... It's a waste of time doing ...(3)在 It's important ... / It's necessary ... / It's advisable ... / It's essential ...这类句型中，只能用不定式。 It's important to learn foreign languages. 学习外语很重要。 It's quite necessary to read it many times. 多读几遍是很有必要的。2．动名词(短语)作宾语(1)在 admit, appreciate, avoid, consider(考虑)，delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss(错过), practise, risk, resist, suggest 等动词以及 can't help(情不自禁)，can't stand(无法忍受)，give up, feel like, keep on, insist on, look forward to, put off, devote to, stick to, object to, thank you for, be busy, 用心 爱心 专心1 get down to, have difficulty/trouble(in)等后面只能用 动名词作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语。 I couldn't risk missing that train. 我可不敢冒误了那趟火车的险。(2)在 mean, remember, try, stop, go on, forget, regret 后面 跟动名词...
