考研英语成分超长的难句特点分析 例:Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice. 分析:这句话的复杂之处在于句子的主语是一个动名词短语结构,主语从 Creating…到 Old Continent, 而且在主语中还有两个定语从句,一个是由 that 引导的,另一个是由 which来引导。此句话的特点是主语和谓语结构极其不协调,主语超长,但是谓语越短。因此,理解这句话的关键是要首先能够从句中提取出主语,并且正确理解两个定语从句,然后才能顺利完成整个句子的阅读。 译文:不同文化和不同的传统把欧洲大陆编织在一起,要制造出一种尊重这些文化和传统的欧洲品牌(欧洲所独有的东西)绝非易事,需要人们做出战略性选择。 类似的结构如 With thousands of careerrelated sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be timeconsuming and inefficient. 意为“尽管网上有成千上万个与职业相关的.网站,但是想找到有前景的职位空缺却是耗时而又没有效率的”。 除了超长的动名词短语外,考研中还时有出现主语从句来充当主语。主语从句充当主语的情况在考研中有两种:一种是把从句放在句首,还有一种是把从句放在句尾,句首用 it 做形式主语。 比如, However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is as yet, an unanswered question. 分析:这句话主语是由两个 whether 引导的主语从句构成的,并且在第二个主语从句中还有一个由 that 引导的定语从句。 译文:然而,这种公平感是卷尾猴和人类分别进化的结果,还是源自 3500 万年前这一物种共同的祖先,还是一个没有结论的问题。 再如, Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. 分析:这句话中就是非常典型的 it 做形式主语,真正的主语是由 that 引导的两个主语从句。 译文:再者,显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相关,而效率提高则又有赖于各种科技人员的努力