欧洲文化入门复习资料

一．细节知识点（一） Greek ＆Roman 1. dramaAeschylus 埃斯基洛斯:Prometheus Bound 被束缚得普罗米修斯,Persians 波斯人,AgamennonSophcles 索发克里斯 :(tragic art) Oedipus the king, Electra,AntigoneEuripides 欧里庇得斯 : “problem plays”,Andromache,Medea,Trojan WomenAristophanes 阿里斯多芬尼斯 : Frogs,Clouds,Wasps,Birds2. HistorianH erodotus :*“father of history”* from Greek to Persians *full of anecdotes and dialogues ,interestingThucydides : *younger than Herodotus *Athens to Sparta and Athens to Syracuse 希拉库萨 *style is imagination and power *the greatest historian that ever lived3. philosophy and sciencePythagoras 毕达哥拉斯 : *bold thinker *believe everything is numbers* scientific mathematics----point,line ,magnitude 震级,surface,body,first proportionH eracleitus 赫拉克里克 :*fire is the primary element of universe*sayings: all is flux,nothing stationary/you cannot step twice into the same river/fresh waters are ever flowing in upon you/ the sun is new every day、*believe mingling of opposites ,opposites produce harmony (二) Bible translationLatin version:383-405AD by St 、Jerome English version:1382 John Wycliff (三)Middle ages/ Medieval 1、 AD 476 Roman power was gone 2、 after 1054 Church was divided into Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Church 3、The Crusades: 1096 － 1291 last for about 200 years 4、learning:● Charlemagne 查理曼大帝 :*western and central Europe*father of Europe 、Emperor of Romans in 800*Carolingian Renaissance 加洛林*encourage Christian religion and ancient learning by setting monastery schools● Alfred the Great 阿尔弗雷德大帝 : *ruler of Anglo Saxon of Wessex*Encourage teacher and scholars , Wessex center of learning*Anglo Saxon chronicles 英国编年史● S t 、 Thomas Aquinas *Italian philosopher ,s...