基于MCS51单片机的智能客车超载监控系统的设计

基于单片机客车超载监控系统设计 摘 要 本文设计了一个客车超载监控系统，以 MCS-51 单片机为关键，利用反射式红外传感器、方向识别电路、报警电路、锁定电路设计，能够经过键盘手动设置乘客人数上限值，并用 LED 显示器显示车内实时乘客人数。当客车内人数超载时，系统发出声光报警，并经过继电器切断客车电子开启装置，从而将汽车锁定，使之无法行驶。当超载解除后，声光报警也对应解除，客车锁定解除，能够正常运行。 本设计共分两部分，硬件系统设计和软件系统设计。硬件部分利用红外传感器和方向识别电路将乘客上、下车情况进行检测和推断并输入单片机系统。经过单片机系统将处理数据送 LED 显示，声光报警电路由蜂鸣器和发光二极管组成，用继电器实现对客车开启装置锁定。软件部分用汇编语言进行编程，实行模块化设计思想。该系统经过调试后，能够很好完成客车超载预警提醒，并对超载情况进行相关控制。 关键词：客车；超载；监控；单片机 Abstract This paper illustrates the design of a carriage overload monitoring systerm.MCSMCU as core is used to design hardware circuit and software.In this subject we use infrared sensors,identify circuit and alarmcircuit latch circuit to design a carriage overload monitoring systerm that enables the keyboard to manually set limits on the number of passengers and can use LED at the same time to display the number of passengers inside.If the passenger overloading,the sound and light alarm systerm cut the bus through the electronic launch devices.By doing this,the overload monitoring systerm can lock the car,so that the car can’t be started.When thcanceled,the overload is sound and light warning is canceled. The bus is also unlocked and can be operated normally. The design is divided into two parts,hardware systerm design and software syster design.The hardware systerms part uses infrated sensors and identify circuit to detec judge the situation whether the passengers are getting on or off the bus.This syster display the numbe...