公路设计与交通需求组成对机动车排放影响分析

公路设计与交通需求组成对机动车排放影响分析公路设计与交通需求组成对机动车排放影响分析 摘要：车辆尾气排放带来的大气污染问题日益严重。和城市道路相比，公路的大型货车比例较高，货车的 NOx 和 PM2.5 等毒性较大的污染物排放率高，因此，对公路机动车排放问题必须引起足够重视。本文以多哥两条在建公路为例，收集了公路设计属性、流量和车速等信息，利用 VISSIM 仿真建模提取不同道路属性和交通组成下的运行状况，并输入美国环保署研发的新一代 MOVES 排放模型，分析不同坡度、交叉口密度、以及车型组成条件对公路机动车整体排放的影响，为公路设计和交通管理的环境影响评估提供便捷方法。 关键词：尾气排放、道路设计、车型组成、VISSIM，MOVES 中图分类号： S611 文献标识码： A Effects of Highway Design and Traffic Composition To Vehicle Emission Gao Hang, Guo Xi (China Road and Bridge Corporation,100011) Abstract：Vehicle emissions and its air pollution is a growing problem. Highways emission problem is serious considering high proportion heavy-duty vehicles, which contribute to large proportion of NOx and PM2.5. Two under-construction highways in Togo was taken as case study for emission research. Highway design attributes, flow and speed information were collected. In this paper, VISSIM Simulation and new-generation MOVES emission model generated from US EPA were integrated as a platform, to evaluate emission factors in different grades, intersection density and traffic compositions. This study provided easy-to-use method to assess the environmental impact of highway design and traffic management strategy. Key words: vehicle emission, highway design, traffic composition, VISSIM, MOVES 引言： 多哥位于非洲西部，介于北纬 6-11°、东经 0-2°之间，面积56785 平方公里。东邻贝宁，西靠加纳，北接布基纳法索，南部濒临几内亚湾。国土南北长 600 余公里，东西宽 50-150 公里，呈走廊形。海岸线长 54 公里。 目前该国经济较为落后，公路是其国内主要运输方式，壹号公路是境内唯一一条贯...