固定化微生物对焦化废水的单级生物脱氮摘要 用 PVA 铝盐法把硝化细菌和反硝化细菌混合固定于球形颗粒中,通过在固定化反应器中的序批式试验,考察了 C/N、温度、DO、pH 值、停留时间等因素对混合固定化细菌单级生物脱氮系统的影响及其规律,实现了混合固定化细菌在好氧条件下的同时硝化反硝化,使焦化废水达标排放。关键词 脱氮 固定化 焦化废水 PVA-铝盐法 同时硝化反硝化 单级生物脱氮Realization Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification of The Coking Wastewater by Immobilized BacteriaAbstract Nitrobacteria and denitrificate bacteria were both immobilized in globes grains by method of PVA-Aluminate. Based on sequencing batch experiments in immobilized reactor, the effects of the factors such as C/N, temperature, DO, pH and retention time on single biological denitrification system of combined immobilized bacterias were investigated, and the regulation was simultaneously attained. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification can be realized in aerobic condition with combined immobilized bacterias. The coking wastewater can be discharged in accord with the national primary discharge standard. Keywords Denitrification Immobilization Coking wastewater PVA-Aluminate Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND) Single biological denitrification 1 前言焦化厂生产过程排放大量含氨氮、油、酚类、多环芳香族化合物及杂环化合物等有毒、有害物质的废水,有些甚至在废水中的浓度已达到微生物可耐受极限 [1] ,其中的氨氮浓度高,较难达到排放标准。国内外焦化废水大多使用生化处理法,但对氨氮处理效果不能令人满意。近几年的讨论表明,硝化和反硝化可在同一反应器中同时发生,许多实际运行中的好氧硝化池中也常常发现有 10%~30%的总氮损失,这一现象被称为同时硝化反硝化(SND),又称为单级生物脱氮[2-6]。这主要是由于微生物反应构筑的溶解氧梯度造成的。微生物固定化技术,是指利用化学或物理手段将游离的微生物或酶定位于限定的空间区域并使其保持活性和可反复使用的一种基本技术[7]。由于氧扩散的限制,在固定化微生物颗粒...