专题4任务型阅读题组训练一1话题：完美主义难度：★★★建议用时：15分钟Ifyouareaperfectionist，you’reprobablyfamiliarwiththefeelingofwantingtogeteverythingjustright.Accordingtoresearchers，perfectionistsholdthemselvestounrealisticallyhighstandardsandbecomeself-criticaliftheybelievetheyhaven’tmetthesestandards.Perfectionistsarealsolikelytofeelguiltyiftheyexperiencefailures，whichoftenleadsthemtoavoidsituationswheretheyareworriedthattheymightfail.Inonestudy，researcherslookedathowperfectionismchangesovertime.Theresearchersreviewedpreviouslycollecteddatafromover41,000collegestudents.Theyfoundthatcollegestudentsreportedincreasinglevelsofperfectionism：theyhelpedthemselvestohigherstandards，andfelttherewerehigherexpectationsplacedonthem.Moreimportantly，whatincreasedthemostwasthesocialexpectationsthatyoungadultspickeduponfromthesurroundingenvironment.Theresearchersassumedthatthiscouldbebecausesocietyisincreasinglycompetitive：collegestudentsmightpickuponthesepressuresfromtheirparentsandsociety，whichwouldincreaseperfectionisttendencies.Althoughmanypeopleseethepursuit(追求)ofexcellenceasagoodthing，researchershavefoundthatinextremecases，perfectionismisactuallylinkedtopoorermentalhealth.Inonestudy，researcherslookedatatotalof284studiesandfoundthatperfectionistsfeltdepressedandanxiousandevenhadeatingdisorders.Theyalsofoundthatpeoplehigherinperfectionismalsoreportedhigherlevelsofoverallpsychologicaldistress(痛苦).Inotherwords，althoughpeoplemaythinkoftheirperfectionismassomethingthathelpsthemsucceed，itappearsthattheirperfectionismmayactuallybeharmfultotheirmentalhealth.So，isperfectionismalwaysharmful？Psychologistshavedebatedthispoint，withsomesuggestingthattherecanbesuchathingasadaptiveperfectionism，inwhichpeopleholdthemselvestohighstandardswithoutbeinginvolvedinself-criticismovermistakestheymake.However，otherpsychologistssuggestthatperfectionismisn’tadaptive：accordingtotheseresearchers，perfectionismismorethanjustholdingyourselftohighstandards，andtheydon’tthinkperfectionismisbeneficial.Anyhow，althoughperfectionismislinkedtonegativeoutcomes，thegoodnewsisthatperfectionismissomethingthatcanbechanged.Onepossiblealternativetoperfectionisminvolvesdevelopingwhatpsychologistscallagrowthmindset.Intheiropinion，weshouldbelievethatourabilities，includingintelligence，canbedevelopedwitheffortandgoodlearningstrategiessothatwearemotivatedtoworkhardandwon’tgiveupwhenthingsgetchallenging.Anotherpotentialalternativetoperfectionismistodevelopself-compassion(自我同情)—thatistosay，weshouldtreatourselveskindlywhenwemakemistakes，remindourselvesthatmistakesarepartofbeinghumans，andavoidbeingconsumedwithnegativeemotions.Overall，aslongaswetakeefforts，it’spossibletoovercomeperfectionismanddevelopahealthierwayofsettinggoalsforourselves.PerfectionismIntroduction•Perfectionismreferstosomeone’s1.foreverythingtoberight.•Perfectioniststendtosethighandunrealisticstandardsforthemselves.•Whenperfectionistsdon’t2.，theywillblamethemselvesandstayawayfromsituationswheretheymayexperiencefailures.AstudyofperfectionismThelevelsofperfectionismincollegestudentsareonthe3..•Theyexpecttoomuchofthemselves.•Theybecome4.becausetheyareawareoftheirparents’highexpectationsandthecompetitivesociety.5.ofperfectionism•Perfectionistskindofexperiencedepression，anxietyandeatingdisorders.•Peoplewhoarestrongl...
