[社会生活型阅读理解(一)](限时：25分钟)(一)EndlessplayingofsongslikeAllIWantforChristmasIsYouinshopsduringthefestiveseasondoesn'tjustdriveusmad—thesongsalsomakeusmorecarelesswithourmoney,researchhaswarned.WhiletherepeatedperformanceofJingleBellsmayseemlikeaninnocentattempttoraisecustomers'spiritsduringthenightmareofChristmasshopping,thesongsalsohaveamoredelicateimpact.“‘Backgroundmusic’or‘Muzak’canbeusedbymarketerstoimposecultures—suchasthecommercializationofChristmas—ontoconsumersandinfluencetheirbehaviour，”expertssaid.DrAlanBradshawofRoyalHolloway,UniversityofLondon,said，“FestivejinglesareforcefedtoChristmasshopperstochangetheirmood,influencetheirsenseoftimeandwhatsortofproductstheybuy.Inotherwords,thisisanattempttocontroltheirshoppinghabitsinawaythattheymighthardlybeawareof.”“Oftenwearetoldthatwehavethefreedomtochoosewherewewanttoshop,butduringChristmastheuseofmusicinthiswayissocommonthatourfreedomtochoosedisappears.”DrBradshawandProfessorMorrisHolbrookofColumbiaUniversityexaminedthephenomenonandfoundthatretailersoften“dumbdown”themusicplayedinshopstorelaxcustomers,meaningitiseasiertocontroltheirbehaviour.Itisthoughtthatslowingdowntherhythmofmusicinshopscantrickcustomersintothinkinglesstimehaspassed,andthereforetheyspendmoretimeexaminingtheshelves,forexample.Someprovidersofbackgroundmusichavebeenknowntopromotetheirservicesbyclaimingtheycanboostprofitsbycontrollingthebehaviourofcustomers.“Acommontrickistotakeapopularcurrentsongandrecordaninstrumentalversionwhichcanbesloweddownorspedupatdifferenttimeofthedaytoinfluencebehaviourindifferentways，”DrBradshawsaid.Backgroundmusicisoftenclassedas“Muzak”inhonouroftheSeattlebasedcompanywhichbeganproducingitssoftsoundingmelodiesinthe1930s.1．AccordingtoDrBradshaw,inwhatwaysdoesChristmasmusicinfluencecustomers?①theirmood②theirincome③theirsenseoftime④thesortofproductstheybuyA．①②③B．①③④C．②③④D．①②④2．Shopkeepersslowdowntherhythmofmusicinshopsto________.A．letcustomersspendmoretimeshoppingB．makecustomersandsalesassistantsrelaxedC．letcustomersenjoythebeautifulmusicD．helpcustomersfindwhattheyreallywant3．Whatkindofmusicisnowoftenadaptedtoinfluencecustomersinshops?A．Classicalmusic.B．Popularmodernsongs.C．Folksongs.D．Jazzmusic.4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．MusicmakeshappyChristmasB．Christmas“Muzak”C．HowtomakeChristmasmusicD．Christmasmusicmakesusspendmore(二)Dogsalreadyguideblindanddisabledpeopleandnowtheyaretobetrainedtohelppeoplewithdementia.TheideadevelopedbysomeuniversitystudentswillnowbeputintopracticebyScotlandMedicalCentre.Theresearchismeaningful,forthereare670,000peopleinBritainwhohavedementiaandby2021thisisexpectedtorisetoonemillion.Dementiacanmakepeopleconfusenightanddayorforgetbasicthingssuchaswashingordrinkingenoughwater.Thedogswouldbetrainedtohelptoguidethemthroughtheday.JoyceGrayfromScotlandMedicalCentresaid,“Peopleintheearlystagesofdementiaarestillabletolivearelativelynormallife,anddogshelpthemtomaintainroutine.Forexample,peoplewithmemorylosswilltendtoforgettotakemedicine,butifadogpresentsthemwithabagwithpillsinit,there'sagreaterchanceofthemtakingit.”MsGrayalsosaiddogswereperfectlysuitedtoremindtheirownerstoeat.“Thedoghasanabilitytosay‘it'smyfeedingtime’，sotherewouldbeanoteinthecupboardnexttothedog'sfoodremindingthedog'sownertoeattoo.”Thedogswouldalsoencouraget...
