“以房养老”模式的国别比较及其对我国的借鉴作用 公共管理专业VIP专享VIP免费

I摘要当前我国老龄化问题日益严峻，社会养老保险体系的压力增大，传统养老方式需要与时俱进。“以房养老”是指老年人以自有房产为依托，在不改变其居住权的前提下，通过住房反向抵押贷款等金融工具将所拥有的房产提前变现消费，从而达到自我养老的目的。“以房养老”作为一种新的养老模式具有很大的发展前景，在老龄化社会，这既是一种应对人口老龄化的重要举措，也是对社会养老和家庭养老模式的有益补充。国外的“以房养老”模式的盛行为我国提供了很好的借鉴作用，中国城镇居民住房拥有率的提高以及传统养老观念的改变，也为我国实行“以房养老”提供了必要的条件。本文将从“以房养老”模式的理论出发，对比分析典型国家(美国、英国、新加坡)该模式的实施情况，并结合我国现有政策以及试点城市的实行情况对以房养老模式进行研究分析。【关键词】以房养老；国别比较；解决对策；发展现状；IIAbstractAtpresent,theproblemofaginginmycountryisbecomingmoreandmoreserious,thepressureonthesocialpensioninsurancesystemisincreasing,andthetraditionalpensionmethodsneedtokeeppacewiththetimes."Retirementbyhouse"meansthattheelderlyrelyontheirownrealestatetorealizetheirownrealestateforconsumptioninadvancethroughfinancialtoolssuchashousingreversemortgageloanswithoutchangingtheirresidencerights,soastoachievethepurposeofself-reliance.Asanewpensionmodel,"house-basedpension"hasgreatdevelopmentprospects.Inanagingsociety,thisisnotonlyanimportantmeasuretodealwiththeagingofthepopulation,butalsoausefulsupplementtothesocialandfamilypensionmodels.Theprosperousbehavioroftheforeign"house-basedpension"modelprovidesagoodreferenceforourcountry.TheincreaseinthehousingownershiprateofChineseurbanresidentsandthechangeoftraditionalpensionconceptsalsoprovidethenecessaryconditionsformycountrytoimplementthe"house-basedpension".Thisarticlewillstartfromthetheoryofthe"house-basedpension"model,compareandanalyzetheimplementationofthismodelintypicalcountries(theUnitedStates,theUnitedKingdom,Singapore),andcombinemycountry’sexistingpoliciesandtheimplementationofpilotcitiestoresearchandanalyzethehousing-basedpensionmodel.【Keywords】Housingfortheelderly;country-to-countrycomparison;solutions;developmentstatuIII目录1.引言................................................11.1选题背景..................................................................................................11.1.1人口老龄化问题日益严重...........................................................11.1.2住房在实物资产中占比高...........................................................11.1.3传统的养老模式面临挑战...........................................................11.2研究意义和研究目的..............................................................................21.3文献综述..................................................................................................31.3.1国外文献.......................................................................................31.3.2国内文献.......................................................................................31.3.3文献评述.......................................................................................41.4研究内容与研究方法..............................................................................51.4.1研究内容.......................................................................................51.4.2研究方法.......................................................................................51.5创新与不足...........................................